Outcomes of a Care Programs for Older Adults with Uncontrolled Diabetes Mellitus in Thai Communities: A Scoping Review
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Abstract
This scoping review aimed to gather and analyze the characteristics of care programs and the outcomes of care for older adults with uncontrolled diabetes mellitus in Thai communities. Guided by the methodological framework of Arksey and O'Malley and the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) guidelines, a comprehensive literature search was conducted across international and national databases, including PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, Wiley Online Library, and ThaiJO, for articles published between 2015 and 2025. Research articles related to the development of models or care programs for Thai older adults with uncontrolled diabetes in community settings (HbA1c >7.0%) were selected. The database search initially yielded a total of 10,835 records. Screening and exclusion were performed sequentially through standard steps regarding duplicates, irrelevance to the study objectives, and outcomes that did not meet the inclusion criteria, ultimately resulting in 28 studies that met the final inclusion criteria for data analysis and synthesis. The findings revealed that most programs utilized the concepts of self-management, empowerment, and social support, alongside family participation and nursing case management collaborated with village health volunteers. Core program activities included tailored individual education, self-care skill training, and the application of technology for follow-up and monitoring. These interventions were found to statistically significantly reduce both HbA1c and FBS levels, while simultaneously enhancing self-care behaviors and the long-term quality of life among older adults.
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