บทความฟื้นวิชาภาวะสายตาสั้นและแนวทางการรักษาในปัจจุบัน
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ภาวะสายตาสั้น ปัจจุบันเป็นปัญหาที่มีอุบัติการณ์สูงและมีแนวโน้มเพิ่มมากขึ้นทั่วโลก อาการแสดงของผู้ป่วยจะมาด้วยการมองเห็นที่ลดลง เนื่องจากแสงไปโฟกัสที่ตำแหน่งหน้าต่อจอตา ซึ่งอาจส่งผลให้เกิดการมองเห็นไม่ชัดที่ระยะไกล เกิดอาการปวดตาปวดศีรษะร่วมด้วยได้ รวมถึงอาจส่งผลต่อการดำเนินชีวิต และต่อการเรียน นอกจากนี้ในกรณีที่มีค่าสายตาสั้นมาก มีรายงานสัมพันธ์กับภาวะแทรกซ้อน ที่ส่งผลถึงการมองเห็นในระยะยาวได้แก่ จอตาฉีกขาด จอตาหลุดลอก และ เลือดออกผิดปกติที่จุดรับภาพ โดยกลไกการเกิดภาวะสายตาสั้น เกิดจากหลายสาเหตุทั้งจากพันธุกรรมและสิ่งแวดล้อมภายนอก การรักษาในปัจจุบันนอกจากจะเพื่อให้ระดับการมองเห็นที่ดีขึ้น และลดอาการต่าง ๆ เพื่อให้คุณภาพชีวิตดีขึ้น จากการทบทวนวรรณกรรมในครั้งนี้มีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อเสนอแนวทางปฏิบัติการรักษาในปัจจุบัน เพื่อชะลอการเพิ่มขึ้นของภาวะสายตาสั้น โดยวิธีการต่าง ๆ เช่น การปฏิบัติตัว การใช้แว่นปรับค่าสายตา และรวมถึงการใช้ยาหยอดเพื่อรักษา
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