The Effect of Autologous Intraoral Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Periodontal Tissue Regeneration: A Meta-Analysis
Keywords:
Periodontal treatment, Oral mesenchymal stem cells, Osseous defect, Meta-analysisAbstract
Periodontal disease is a highly prevalence oral disease in adult, and may ultimately cause tooth loss. There are many options for periodontal disease treatment, however the complete periodontal tissue regeneration is a goal. Currently, the concept of tissue engineering has been used in the treatment of periodontal disease, and cell-based tissue engineering is identified as a promising way to obtain periodontal regeneration. The objective of this meta-analysis was to quantitatively find out the effect of oral mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for periodontal tissue regeneration in human. PubMed database was systematically searched for related articles, together with searching in Google scholar and manual search at the Institute’s library. They were all filtered for articles in English or Thai from 1993 to 2018. Five articles, which are randomized control trials and clinical trials were accepted and extracted for meta-analysis. Data was calculated for standard mean difference (SMD) at 95% CI and random effect model was used. The results showed the decrease of clinical attachment level (SMD = -0.511; 95% CI -0.143 - (-0.879); p = 0.007), and the data was homogeneity (I2 = 0.00%). The probing depth reduction was increase (SMD = 0.390; 95% CI 0.038-0.741; p = 0.030), while data was moderate heterogeneity (I2 = 56.9%). In addition, bone fill was increase (SMD = 0.212; 95% CI -0.225 - 0.649; p = 0.342), and data was high heterogeneity (I2 = 88.1%). Moreover, no significant different in gingival recession (SMD = 0.001; 95% CI -0.360 - 0.362; p = 0.995), and the data was homogeneity (I2 = 0.00%). The result evidences suggest that oral MSCs benefit on periodontal regeneration. However, as less clinical trials and possible the risk of bias problems, the further higher quality researches are still required to prove the effectiveness of oral MSCs transplantation for periodontal tissue regeneration in clinical applications in the future.
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