Analysis of Oxygen Supply and Demand amid the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pandemic in Thailand, 2021
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59096/osir.v14i3.262529Keywords:
oxygen supply, demand, COVID-19, ThailandAbstract
The need for medical oxygen in Thailand tends to be increasing due to rising coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases. An analysis of oxygen supply and demand can provide a useful insight into the demand for oxygen therapy during the pandemic. To overcome the oxygen supply crisis, the government needs to address the shortage of related equipment, such as oxygen cylinders, generators and concentrators, which are mostly used for home and community isolations and also in field hospitals. We recommend that the government should dramatically increase the capacity for oxygen production as well as the production of related equipment. Furthermore, mechanisms to ensure adequate and equitable distribution of oxygen therapy should be in place. A promotion of domestic research and development to increase the capacity of oxygen production and ensure equitable oxygen distribution is urgently needed.
References
Worldometer. Coronavirus cases 2021 [Internet]. [place unknown]: Worldometers; [cited 2021 Aug 22]. <https://www.worldometers.info/coronavirus/?utm_campaign=homeAdvegas1?>
Verity R, Okell LC, Dorigatti I, Winskill P, Whittaker C, Imai N, et al. Estimates of the severity of coronavirus disease 2019: a model-based analysis. Lancet Infect Dis. 2020;20(6):669-77.
Fisher HK. Hypoxemia in COVID-19 patients: An hypothesis. Med Hypotheses. 2020;143:110022.
Wu Z, McGoogan JM. Characteristics of and important lessons from the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in china: summary of a report of 72 314 cases from the chinese center for disease control and prevention. JAMA. 2020 Apr 7;323(13):1239-42.
Long L, Wu L, Chen L, Zhou D, Wu H, Lu D, et al. Effect of early oxygen therapy and antiviral treatment on disease progression in patients with COVID-19: A retrospective study of medical charts in China. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2021;15(1):e0009051.
World Health Organization Model List of Essential Medicines, 21st list, 2019 [Internet]. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2019 [cited 2021 Aug 3]. Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO. <https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/WHOMVPEMPIAU2019.06>
Emergency Operations Center, Department of Disease Control Thailand. Thailand COVID-19 situation report 2020 [Internet]. Nonthaburi (TH): Department of Disease Control Thailand; 2020 Dec 31 [cited 2021 Aug 30]. 3 p. <https://ddc.moph.go.th/viralpneumonia/file/situation/situation-no363-311263.pdf>. Thai.
Department of Disease Control Thailand. COVID-19: Situation in Thailand 2021 [Internet]. Nonthaburi (TH): Department of Disease Control Thailand [cited 2021 Aug 22]. <https://ddc.moph.go.th/viralpneumonia/>. Thai.
Madaan N, Paul BC, Guleria R. Meeting oxygen requirements of rural India: A self-contained solution. Indian J Public Health. 2021;65(1):82-4.
Nakkazi E. Oxygen supplies and COVID-19 mortality in Africa. Lancet Respir Med. 2021;9(4):e39.
Stein F, Perry M, Banda G, Woolhouse M, Mutapi F. Oxygen provision to fight COVID-19 in sub-Saharan Africa. BMJ Glob Health. 2020;5(6):e002786.
International Health Policy Program. Policy recommendation: Medical oxygen management during COVID-19 pandemic. Nonthaburi (TH): International Health Policy Program; 2021. Thai.
Medical Engineering Division. Knowledge management for Medical Gas Engineering [Internet]. Nonthaburi (TH): Medical Engineering Division, Department of Health Service Support, Ministry of Public Health; 2019 Apr [cited 2021 Aug 3]. <http://medi.moph.go.th/km/km2560/gas.pdf>. Thai.
Wipatayotin A. Oxygen tank shortage alarms govt. Bangkok Post [Internet]. 2021 Jul 28 [cited 2021 Aug 30]; General; [about 2 p.]. <https://www.bangkokpost.com/thailand/general/2155767/oxygen-tank-shortage-alarms-govt>
Oxygen tankers from Thailand arrive in India, more to come from Singapore. The Economic Times [Internet]. 2021 Apr 27 [cited 2021 Aug 30]; Business News: [about 2 p.]. <https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/india/oxygen-tankers-from-thailand-arrive-in-india/articleshow/82271942.cms>
Listiyorini E. Indonesia to Ship Oxygen From Neighbors as Covid Spike Depletes Supplies. BNN Bloomberg [Internet]. 2021 Jul 6 [cited 2021 Aug 30]; Prognosis: [about 1 p.]. <https://www.bnnbloomberg.ca/indonesia-to-ship-oxygen-from-neighbors-as-covid-spike-depletes-supplies-1.1625616>
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Outbreak, Surveillance, Investigation & Response (OSIR) Journal
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
