Relationships between Knowledge, Attitude, and Perception Towards Hand Hygiene Practices among Nursing Personnel in a University Hospital

Main Article Content

Sumawadee Skuntaniyom
Thanomvong Muntajit
Kumthorn Malathum
Orawan Warapapong

Abstract

This descriptive research aimed to examine the relationships between knowledge,attitude, and perception towards hand hygiene practices among nursing personnel in a university hospital. The sample comprised 2,687 nursing personnel, including registered nurses and practical nurses, at Ramathibodi Hospital, Bangkok. A random sampling method was used to recruit the participants. The research instruments included a personal data questionnaire, the Hand Hygiene Knowledge Test, the Attitude Towards Hand Hygiene Scale, and the Perception Towards Hand Hygiene Practices Scale, validated by experts and tested for reliability. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Spearman's rank correlation coefficient. The results showed that most participants (59%) had a low level of knowledge about hand hygiene.More than half (57.5%) had negative attitudes towards hand hygiene, and 72.8% had negative perceptions towards hand hygiene practices. Knowledge and attitude towards hand hygiene were significantly positively correlated with the perception towards hand hygiene practices.Therefore, promoting knowledge and a positive attitude towards hand hygiene should be used to improve the more positive perception towards hand hygiene practices among nursing personnel, which will reinforce the improvement and development of hand hygiene behaviors in hospitals.
Keywords: Attitude, Hand hygiene, Knowledge, Perception, Practices

Article Details

How to Cite
1.
Skuntaniyom S, Muntajit T, Malathum K, Warapapong O. Relationships between Knowledge, Attitude, and Perception Towards Hand Hygiene Practices among Nursing Personnel in a University Hospital. Nurs Res Inno J [Internet]. 2024 Aug. 19 [cited 2024 Oct. 8];30(2). Available from: https://he02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/RNJ/article/view/259460
Section
Research Articles

References

World Health Organization. WHO guidelines on hand hygiene in health care. 2009 [cited 2023 Sep 12];available from: https:// www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789241597906

World Health Organization. guidelines on core components of infection prevention and control programmes at the national and acute health care facility level. 2016 [ cited 2023 sep 12]; available from: https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789241549929

Tomczyk S, Zanichelli V, Grayson ML, Twyman A, Abbas M, Pires D, et al. Control of carbapenem-resistant enterobacteriaceae, acinetobacter baumannii, and pseudomonas aeruginosa in healthcare facilities: a systematic review and reanalysis of quasi experimental studies. Clin Infect Dis. 2019;68(5):873-84.

Haque M, McKimm J, Sartelli M, Dhingra S, Labricciosa FM, Islam S, et al. Strategies to prevent healthcareassociated infections: a narrative overview. Risk Manag Healthc Policy. 2020;13:1765-80.

Zhong X, Wang DL, Xiao LH, Mo LF, Wu QF, Chen YW, et al. Comparison of two electronic hand hygiene monitoring systems in promoting hand hygiene of healthcare workers in the intensive care unit. BMC Infect Dis. 2021;21:1-10.

Alrimali A, Alreshidi N, Alenizi A, Alrashidi S,Alshammari W, Llego J. Behavioral determinants of hand hygiene compliance among nurses in intensive care units in Hai’l, Saudi Arabia. IJAAS. 2023;10:46-55.

Hongsuwan M, Srisamang P, Nuntalohit S, Luangasanatip N, Lim C, Day N, et al. Impact of a multimodal hand hygiene improvement intervention in a 1000-bed hospital in Thailand: a stepped wedge cluster randomized controlled trial. medRxiv [Internet]. 2022[cited 2023 Sep 12];1-25.Available from doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.11.24.22282731

Lamping J, Tomsic I, Stolz M, Krauth C, Chaberny IF,von Lengerke T. Do task and item difficulty affect overestimation of one’s hand hygiene compliance? A cross-sectional survey of physicians and nurses in surgical clinics of six hospitals in Germany. Antimicrob Resist

Infect Control. 2022;11(1):147.

Tartari E, Fankhauser C, Masson-Roy S, Márquez-Villarreal H, Fernández Moreno I, Rodriguez Navas ML,et al. Train-the-Trainers in hand hygiene: a standardized approach to guide education in infection prevention and control. Antimicrob Resist Infect Control. 2019;8(1):1-11.

Fernandez PG, Loftus RW, Dodds TM, Koff MD, Reddy S, Heard SO, et al. Hand hygiene knowledge and perceptions among anesthesia providers. Anesth Analg.2015;120(4):837-43.

Abd Rahim MH, Ibrahim MI. Hand hygiene knowledge,perception, and self-reported performance among nurses in Kelantan, Malaysia: a cross-sectional study. BMC Nurs.2022;21(1):1-7.

Oh HS. Knowledge, perception, performance, and attitude regarding hand hygiene and related factors among infection control nurses in South Korea: A cross-sectional study.Am J Infect Control. 2019;47(3):258-63.

BaderAldeen R, Kheder S. The knowledge and perception of hand hygiene among health care workers in clinical settings in Khartoum state-Sudan. J Med Inform Decis Mak. 2020;1(2):15-28.

Schwartz SH, Cieciuch J, Vecchione M, Davidov E,Fischer R. et al. Refining the theory of basic individual values. J. Personal. Soc. Psychol.2012;103:4663–88

Pessoa-Silva CL, Posfay-Barbe K, Pfister R, Touveneau S, Perneger TV, Pittet D. Attitudes and perceptions toward hand hygiene among healthcare workers caring for critically ill neonates. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol.2005;26(3):305-11.

Goodarzi Z, Haghani S, Rezazade E, Abdolalizade M,Khachian A. Investigating the knowledge, attitude and perception of hand hygiene of nursing employees working in intensive care units of iran university of medical sciences, 2018-2019. Maedica. 2020;15(2):230-7.

Faul F, Erdfelder E, Lang A-G, Buchner A. G*Power 3:A flexible statistical power analysis program for the social,behavioral, and biomedical sciences. Behavior Research Methods. 2007;39(2):175-91.

World Health Organization. Hand hygiene knowledge questionnaire for health-care workers (Revised August 2009). 2009[cited 2017 May 14]. Available from:https://www.who.int/teams/integrated-healthservices/infection-prevention-control/hand-hygiene/

monitoring-tools

Bloom BS. Handbook on formative and summative evaluation of student learning. New York: McGraw-Hill;1971.

World Health Organization. Perception survey for healthcare workers (Revised August 2009). 2009[cited 2017 May 14]. Available from: https://www.who.int/teams/integrated-health-services/infection-preventioncontrol/hand-hygiene/monitoring-tools

Pimentel JL, Pimentel J. Some biases in Likert scaling usage and its correction. J. Sci : Basic and applied research(IJSBAR). 2019;45(1):183-91.

Kortteisto T, Kaila M, Komulainen J, Mäntyranta T,Rissanen P. Healthcare professionals’ intentions to use clinical guidelines: a survey using the theory of planned behaviour. Implementation Science. 2010;5:1-10.

Gaube S, Lermer E, Fischer P. The concept of risk perception in health-related behavior theory and behavior change. Perceived safety: A multidisciplinary perspective.2019:101-18.

Al-Qahtani AM. Clean hands, safe care: how knowledge,attitude, and practice impact hand hygiene among nurses in Najran, Saudi Arabia. Frontiers in public health.2023;11:1158678.

Najafi Ghezeljeh T, Abbasnejad Z, Rafii F, Haghani H.Effect of a multimodal training program and traditional lecture method on nurses’ hand hygiene knowledge, belief,and practice: A brief report. Am J Infect Control.2015;43(7):762-4.

Sopjani I, Jahn P, Behrens J. Training as an effective tool to increase the knowledge about hand hygiene actions. an evaluation study of training effectiveness in Kosovo.Medical archives (Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina).2017;71(1):16-9.

Sharif A, Arbabisarjou A, Balouchi A, Ahmadidarrehsima S, Kashani HH. Knowledge, attitude, and performance of nurses toward hand hygiene in hospitals. Glob J Health Sci 2016;8(8):57-65.

Pittet D, Simon A, Hugonnet S, Pessoa-Silva CL, Sauvan V, Perneger TV. Hand hygiene among physicians:performance, beliefs, and perceptions. Ann Intern Med.2004;141(1):1-8.