Parental care Behaviors and Related Factors of Preventing Respiratory Tract Infection in Children with Congenital Heart Disease
Keywords:
Care behaviors, related factors, respiratory infection Prevention, children with congenital heart diseaseAbstract
Appropriate care behaviors of parents for children with congenital heart disease can relieve various complications their children’s disease. With proper care, these ill children can also be treated through heart surgery as physician’s plan. This descriptive correlational study aimed to explore care behaviors of parents on preventing respiratory infection in children with congenital heart disease, and the relationship between knowledge, self-efficacy and care behaviors of parents on preventing respiratory tract infection in children with congenital heart disease. The conceptual framework of this study based on literature review of the researcher. The study sample consisted of 102 parents of children aged 1to- 6 years old with acyanotic congenital heart disease who were scheduled for heart surgery. Participants were recruited through the inclusion criteria during follow-up appointments at the out-patient cardiac clinic of tertiary public hospitals in Northern Thailand. Data were collected from January 2014 to March 2014. Research instruments included: 1) the Demographic Data of Parents and Children with Congenital Heart Disease record form, 2) the Parental Knowledge of Care Behaviors to Prevent Respiratory Infection in Children with Congenital Heart Disease Questionnaire, 3) the Parental Self-efficacy of Care Behaviors on Preventing Respiratory Tract Infection in Children with Congenital Heart Disease Questionnaire, and 4) the Parental Care Behaviors to Prevent Respiratory Infection in Children with Congenital Heart Disease Questionnaire. The last three questionnaires had a content validity index of .92, .83 and .93, respectively with reliability rates of .78, .97 and .89 respectively. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Spearman statistical correlation.
The study findings showed that:
- All parents had high levels of care behaviors on preventing respiratory infection in children with congenital heart disease. Within each dimension, all parents showed high levels of care behaviors in providing the suitable nutrition, getting immunizations, and isolation and contact precaution. Additionally, 98% of the sample possessed a high level of ability in administrating medication to prevent congestive heart failure.
- Parental care behaviors had a statistically significant positive relationship to knowledge and self-efficacy. The relationship was at a moderate level (r = .367, p <.001, and r = .658, p <.001, respectively).
The results of this study bring about better understanding to nurses to nurses regarding the parental care behaviors on preventing respiratory tract infections in children with congenital heart disease. Thus, knowledge and self-efficacy of parents should be enhanced for improving care behaviors on preventing respiratory tract infections in children with congenital heart disease.
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