Practices and Obstacles in Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia Prevention Among Registered Nurses in Medical Care Units
Keywords:
Practice, Obstacles, Prevention, Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia, Medical wardAbstract
Correct practices in the prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) among registered nurses are important in the prevention of pneumonia among mechanically ventilated patients. This descriptive study aimed to determine the practices and obstacles in the prevention of VAP among registered nurses who work in medical wards. The study sample included 151 registered nurses from 11 medical wards in a university hospital. Data were collected from May to June 2018. The data collection tool was a questionnaire consisting of three parts: general information about the sample, VAP prevention practices, and obstacles in the prevention of VAP. The contents of the questionnaire were examined by six experts with the practices and obstacles sections receiving a content validity index of 0.85 and 0.94, respectively. The reliability of the practices and obstacles sections were 0.88 and 0.93, respectively. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics.
The study results revealed that nurses utilized the following VAP prevention practices at a good level: hand hygiene, patient positioning, suctioning, oral care, enteral feeding, care of endotracheal tube and ventilator, and environmental management. However, nurses were less consistent in practicing certain activities, such as scrubbing hands with water and antiseptic before helping physicians insert the endotracheal tube 54.3% and brushing patient’s teeth 55.0%. The main obstacle for VAP prevention was high workload which caused nurse to work urgently, resulting in fewer prevention practices (27.2%). Other factors such as personnel, support and management were not seen as large obstacles to VAP prevention.
This study reflected the necessity in promoting correct practices in caring for mechanically ventilated patients among registered nurses in medical wards, including providing sufficient manpower so that they can practice effectively and continuously.
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