Effects of a Walking Enhancing Program on Self-Efficacy for Walking, Fatigue, and Physical Ability Among Acute Stroke Patients: A Preliminary Analysis
Keywords:
Walking enhancing program, Fatigue; Self-efficacy, Physical ability, Acute stroke patientsAbstract
Stroke is a common cause of disabilities that require ongoing care. Proper rehabilitation will allow patients to return to help themselves more. The literature review shows that post-stroke fatigue (PSF) is a key factor in post-stroke recovery. This quasi-experimental research used a pretest-posttest with a control group, and aimed to examine the effect of a walking enhancing program (WEP) on self-efficacy for walking, fatigue, and physical abilities among acute stroke patients. The program was developed based on the self-efficacy theory and the brain plasticity theory. Thirty persons with acute stroke admitted to a university hospital in Pathum Thani Province were recruited. The participants were randomly assigned to either an experimental group or a control group by the week of admission. The experimental group received the walking enhancing program in combination with usual care, while the control group received usual care. The research outcomes were measured before starting the program at baseline and at 3 weeks after the experiment. The instruments included the Demographic Questionnaire, the Self-Efficacy for Walking Exercise Scale (SEFWS), the Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS), and the 6-minute walk test (6MWT). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and t-test.
The findings demonstrated that the experimental group had significantly higher mean SEFWS and 6MWT scores at 3 weeks comparing to the control group (t=9.613, p<.05; t=3.062, p<.05) and compared within the group at baseline (t=15.094, p<.05; t=7.539, p<.05). Moreover, the experimental group had significantly lower mean FSS scores than the control group (t=-8.090, p<.05; t=-8.353, p<.05) at 3 weeks.
The results show that the WEP may increase self-efficacy for walking exercise, reduce fatigue, and improve physical abilities in acute stroke patients. Nurses and multidisciplinary teams can apply this program in order to reduce fatigue, resulting in effective rehabilitation.
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