The Model Development of a New Normal for Diabetes Mellitus and Hypertensive Clinics to Promote Health Literacy in the Prevention and Control of Coronavirus 2019
Keywords:
Diabetes mellitus and hypertension, New normal, Health literacy, Coronavirus 2019, Infection control and preventionAbstract
This research and development aimed to determine the health literacy (HL) of patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) and hypertension (HT) in relation to the prevention and control of Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) and to develop a new normal model of DM and HT clinics to promote HL in COVID-19 prevention and control. The research methodology consisted of 2 phases: Phase 1 - situation analysis; samples were 2,201 DM and HT patients and 20 health personnel; and Phase 2 - the development a new normal DM and HT clinic model to promote HL in COVID-19 prevention and control; samples were 11 specialists. The instruments consisted of a self-assessment questionnaire for COVID-19 HL and semi-structured interviews. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and content analysis.
The results showed that the samples had HL in COVID-19 prevention and control at moderate levels (mean = 29.98, SD = 10.28). Positive effects were found in terms of improving disease control and increasing family involvement in patient care. Negative effects were reported in terms of inaccessibility to health services, deviation from self-care, symptoms according to COVID infection, and psychological problems. The new normal model for DM and HT clinics to improve HL in COVID-19 prevention and control consists of provision of services, health workers, access to essential treatments and medical equipment, and health information. Patients with poor to moderate HL receive an intensive HL program, close monitoring, and family involvement. Those with higher HL receive informational support and continuous monitoring.
The new normal health service covers all epidemic stages of COVID-19 or emerging diseases to promote infection control in DM and HT patients.
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