Factors Affecting Smoking Behavior Among Vocational College Students
Keywords:
Neuman systems model, Smoking behavior, Vocational college studentsAbstract
Smoking behavior arises from various factors, including intrapersonal, interpersonal, and extrapersonal factors. Understanding the factors affecting smoking behavior serves as a preventive measure and helps reduce the number of new smokers. This research employed a cross-sectional analytical approach with the objective of examining factors affecting cigarette smoking behavior among vocational college students, based on the environment concept of Neuman's Systems Model. The sample consists of 232 participants aged 18 and above, selected through a multistage random sampling process, with participants chosen using a stratified sampling method based on academic year and major for the first stage and subsequently, a simple random sampling method. The research utilized questionnaires on intrapersonal, interpersonal, and extrapersonal factors related to smoking behavior. The tool's quality was assessed by three qualified experts, yielding content validity indices of .97, 1.0, .96, and 1.0, respectively, and reliability was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha coefficients of .93, .94, .95, and .81, respectively. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistic and stepwise multiple regression.
The research findings revealed that five factors significantly impact the smoking behavior of vocational college students: intrapersonal factors, including self-perceived quitting ability (β = -.23, p < .05); interpersonal factors, such as the influence of smoking peers (β = .26, p < .05) and family nurturing patterns (β = -.38, p < .05); and extrapersonal factors, including societal attitudes toward smoking (β = .30, p < .05) and anti-smoking campaigns (β = .23, p < .05). The multiple correlation coefficient indicated a significant collective impact of these factors on smoking behavior (r = .258, p < .05), predicting 6.7% of the variance (R2 = 0.67, p < .05).
In conclusion, the study demonstrated that factors based on the environment concept of Neuman's Systems Model significantly influence cigarette smoking behavior among vocational college students. Therefore, the development of smoking cessation interventions program should consider all five identified factors for effective implementation.
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