Factors Predicting COVID-19 Vaccination Intention of Unvaccinated Older Adults in Phetchabun Province
Keywords:
Health belief model, Intention of COVID-19 vaccination, Older adults, Predicting factorsAbstract
The COVID-19 pandemic is a global outbreak affecting people around the world. COVID-19 vaccines are a significant tool for protection against the disease, reducing serious illness and death rates. This predictive correlational descriptive study aimed to determine COVID-19 vaccination intention and identify factors predicting COVID-19 vaccination intention among unvaccinated older adults. Independent variables included perceived susceptibility to COVID-19, perceived seriousness of COVID-19, perceived benefits of COVID-19 vaccines, perceived barriers to COVID-19 vaccination, received recommendations from healthcare providers, and knowledge about COVID-19. The Health Belief Model was used as a theoretical framework. Participants were 120 unvaccinated older adults living in Chondaen district, Phetchabun province, who were recruited using convenience and snowball sampling approaches. Data were analyzed using logistic regression analysis.
Results demonstrated that the mean intention score of unvaccinated older adults was 3.57 (SD = 3.18), ranging from 0 to 10. Increased perceived susceptibility to COVID-19 was significantly associated with an increased possibility of COVID-19 vaccination intention among older adults (OR = 1.48, 95% CI = 1.02-2.13). Increased perceived benefits of COVID-19 vaccines were significantly associated with an increase in the likelihood of COVID-19 vaccination intention among older adults (OR = 1.33, 95% CI = 1.01-1.77). Perceived severity of COVID–19, perceived barriers to COVID–19 vaccination, received recommendations from health care providers, and knowledge about COVID-19 did not predict COVID-19 vaccination intention among older adults.
Findings from this study provide basic information and direction for nurses and healthcare providers in designing health services to promote the uptake of COVID-19 vaccines among unvaccinated or incompletely vaccinated older adults to reduce severe illness and deaths.
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