Effect of a Combined Oral Care and Cryotherapy Program on Oral Mucositis in Cancer Patients Receiving Chemotherapy
Keywords:
Oral care program, Cryotherapy, Cancer patients receiving chemotherapy, Oral mucositisAbstract
Oral mucositis is a complication in cancer patients receiving chemotherapy. Therefore, it must be prevented and managed to reduce its occurrence and severity. The research objective was to compare the occurrence of oral mucositis and to compare onset time, time duration of symptoms, and the severity of oral mucositis among cancer patients receiving chemotherapy between a group receiving a program and a group receiving normal nursing care. Purposive sampling was used to selected 52 first-time chemotherapy-treated cancer patients from the Chemotherapy Unit at Chomthong Hospital, who were divided into an experimental group and a control group of 26 participants each. The research tools included: 1) an oral care program combined with cryotherapy and 2) an oral mucositis symptoms assessment form from the World Health Organization. The data collection tools consisted of a personal information questionnaire; a form for recording oral symptoms at home; and a follow-up form for continuation by telephone. The research instruments were approved for inter-rater reliability, which was equal to 1. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, chi-square test, Fisher’s exact test, independent t-test, and the Mann-Whitney U test.
The results showed that the incidence of oral mucositis in the experimental group receiving the oral care program combined with cryotherapy (5 people, 19.2%) was less than that in the control group (26 people, 100%). There was a statistically significant (p < .001) onset time of oral mucositis in the experimental group (M = 6.6, SD = 0.54), which was significantly longer than that of the control group (M = 3.92, SD = 0.68, p < .001). The severity of oral mucositis in the experimental group (M = 2.80, SD = 0.44) was lower than that in the control group (M = 4.73, SD = 1.18) with statistical significance (p < .001). The degree of severity of oral mucositis in the experimental group (M = 0.19, SD = 0.40) was significantly less than that of the control group (M = 1.88, SD = 0.51, p < .001).
The results showed that the effects of oral care combined with cryotherapy can be used as a guideline for preventing the occurrence and reducing the severity of oral mucositis in cancer patients receiving chemotherapy.
References
AI Ibraheemi, A. A., & Shamoun, S. (2016). Incidence and risk factors of oral mucositis in patients with breast cancer who receiving chemotherapy in Al-Bashir Hospital. International Journal of Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Research, 10(4), 217-223.
Al-Rudayni, A. H. M., Gopinath, D., Maharajan, M. K., Veettil, S. K., & Menon, R. K. (2021). Efficacy of oral cryotherapy in the prevention of oral mucositis associated with cancer chemotherapy: Systematic review with meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis. Current Oncology, 28(4), 2852–2867. https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol28040250
Berger, A. M., & Eilers, J. (1998). Factors influencing oral cavity status during high-dose antineoplastic therapy: A secondary data analysis. Oncology Nursing Forum, 25(9), 1623-1626.
Burns, N., & Grove, S. K. (2005). The practice of nursing research: Conduct, critique, and utilization (5th ed.). Elsevier.
Çakmak, S., & Nural, N. (2019). Incidence of and risk factors for development of oral mucositis in outpatients undergoing cancer chemotherapy. International Journal of Nursing Practice, 25(1), e12710. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijn.12710
Cidon, E. U. (2018). Chemotherapy induced oral mucositis: Prevention is possible. Chinese Clinical Oncology, 7(1), 6. https://doi.org/10.21037/cco.2017.10.01
Eilers, J., & Million, R. (2011). Clinical update: Prevention and management of oral mucositis in patients with cancer. Clinical Journal of Oncology Nursing, 27(4), e1-e16.
Elad, S., Cheng, K. K. F., Lalla, R. V., Yarom, N., Hong, C., Logan, R. M., Bowen, J., Gibson, R., Saunders, D. P., Zadik, Y., Ariyawardana, A., Correa, M. E., Ranna, V., Bossi. P., & Mucositis Guidelines Leadership Group of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer and International Society of Oral Oncology (MASCC/ISOO). (2020). MASCC/ISOO clinical practice guidelines for the management of mucositis secondary to cancer therapy. Cancer, 126(19), 4423-4431.
Katranci, N., Ovayolu, N., Ovayolu, O., & Sevinc, A. (2012). Evaluation of the effect of cryotherapy in preventing oral mucositis associated with chemotherapy - a randomized controlled trial. European Journal of Oncology Nursing, 16(4), 339-344.
Kim, J. W., Cha, Y., Kim, S. J., Han, S. W., Oh, D. Y., Lee, S. H., Kim, D. W., Im, S. A., Kim, T. Y., Heo, D. S., & Bang, Y. J. (2012). Association of oral mucositis with quality of life and symptom clusters in patients with solid tumors receiving chemotherapy. Supportive Care in Cancer, 20(2), 395-403. https://doi.org//10.1007/s00520-011-1126-8
Lalla, R. V., Bowen, J., Barasch, A., Elting, L., Epstein, J., Keefe, D. M., McGuire, D. B., Migliorati, C., Nicolatou-Galitis, O., Peterson, D. E., Raber-Durlacher, J. E., Sonis, S. T., Elad, S. (2014). MASCC/ISOO clinical practice guidelines for the management of mucositis secondary to cancer therapy. Cancer, 120(10), 1453-1461.
Phongnoppakhun, P. (2013). Treatment guideline of severe oral mucositis during chemo-radiotherapy in head and neck cancer. Journal of Thai Society of Therapeutic Radiation Oncology, 19(1), 47-55. (in Thai)
Phongsuphot, K., Chimruang, J., & Intapa, C. (2021). Incidence, severity, and risk factors of oral mucositis in adult and elderly cancer patients after receive chemotherapy in Uttaradit Hospital. Chiang Mai Dental Journal, 42(1), 159–172. https://he01.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/cmdj/article/view/235173
Polit, D. F., & Hungler, B. P. (1999). Nursing research principle and methods (6th ed.). Lippincott.
Puangkamyad, A., Namjuntr, R., & Binhosen, V. (2017). Effects of an oral care program on oral care ability and oral mucositis among cancer patients receiving chemotherapy. Thai Red Cross Nursing Journal, 10(2), 57-73.
Quinn, B., Stone, R., Uhlenhopp, M., McCann, S., & Blijlevens, N. (2016). Ensuring accurate oral mucositis assessment in the European group for blood and marrow transplantation prospective oral mucositis audit. European Journal of Oncology Nursing, 11(Suppl 11), S10-S18.
Reinwatee, C. (2014). Outcomes of clinical nursing practice guideline for prevention and relief of oral mucositis in cancer patients receiving 5-fluorouracil. Journal of Health Science of Thailand, 23(3), 477-484.
Saito, H., Watanabe, Y., Sato, K., Ikawa, H., Yoshida, Y., Katakura, A., Takayama, S., & Sato, M. (2014). Effects of professional oral health care on reducing the risk of chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis. Supportive Care Cancer, 22(11), 2935-2940.
Scully, C., Sonis, S., & Diz, P. D. (2006). Oral mucositis. Oral Diseases, 12(3), 229-241.
Songthong, A. (2014). Caring for patients with oral mucositis. Journal of Thai Society of Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology, 20(1), 77-82. (in Thai)
Sonis, S. T., Elting, L. S., Keefe, D., Peterson, D. E., Schubert, M., Hauer-Jensen, M., Bekele, B. N., Raber-Durlacher, J., Donnelly, J. P., Rubenstein, E. B., & Mucositis Study Section of the Multinational Association for Supportive Care in Cancer; International Society for Oral Oncology. (2004). Perspectives on cancer therapy-induced mucositis injury: Pathogenesis, measurement, epidemiology, and consequences for patients. Cancer, 100(9), 1995-2025.
World Health Organization. (1979). WHO handbook for reporting results of cancer treatment. https://iris.who.int/handle/10665/37200
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Nursing Journal CMU
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
บทความที่ได้รับการตีพิมพ์เป็นลิขสิทธิ์ของวารสารพยาบาลสาร
ข้อความที่ปรากฏในบทความแต่ละเรื่องในวารสารวิชาการเล่มนี้เป็นความคิดเห็นส่วนตัวของผู้เขียนแต่ละท่านไม่เกี่ยวข้องกับมหาวิทยาลัยเชียงใหม่ และคณาจารย์ท่านอื่นๆในมหาวิทยาลัยฯ แต่อย่างใด ความรับผิดชอบองค์ประกอบทั้งหมดของบทความแต่ละเรื่องเป็นของผู้เขียนแต่ละท่าน หากมีความผิดพลาดใด ๆ ผู้เขียนแต่ละท่านจะรับผิดชอบบทความของตนเองแต่ผู้เดียว
