The Effects of Health Belief Model-Based Interventions on Caregivers’ Health Literacy and Blood Pressure in Uncontrolled Hypertensive Older Adults
Keywords:
Health behavior, Health literacy, Older adult, Uncontrolled hypertensionAbstract
Uncontrolled hypertensive older adult patients are at a high risk of complications from this disease. Caregivers’ health literacy is important for managing the health behavior of older adults in families. This quasi-experimental research aimed to study the effects of health belief model-based interventions on caregivers’ health literacy and blood pressure in uncontrolled hypertensive older adults. Participants were 64 uncontrolled hypertensive older adult patients and their caregivers, who were divided into an experimental and a control group. The experimental instruments consisted of health belief model-based interventions, based on Becker's theory of the heath belief model and enhancing health literacy, administered for 12 weeks. The data collection tools were a questionnaire on caregivers’ health literacy and a blood pressure monitor. The questionnaire was tested using Cronbach's alpha coefficient, yielding a value of .84. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics and t-test.
The results indicated that after receiving the program, the experimental group had a higher mean score for caregivers’ health literacy. The average systolic and diastolic blood pressure was lower than before receiving the program with statistical significance (p < .001, p < .001, and p < .05, respectively), and higher than that of the control group with statistical significance (p < .001, p < .001, and p < .01, respectively).
This study showed that the health belief model-based interventions with the enhancing health literacy program could increase health literacy levels of caregivers and lead to healthier behavior for uncontrolled hypertensive older adult patients.
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