Factors Influencing Stroke Prevention Behaviors Among Patients at Risk for Stroke
Keywords:
Preventive behaviors, Risk patients, Cerebrovascular disease, Health beliefsAbstract
Hypertension and diabetes are major risk factors for cerebrovascular disease and can be prevented or controlled if patients have appropriate health behaviors. This predictive research aimed to study factors that influence preventive stroke behaviors among stroke patients at risk. The participants were 127 patients with hypertension and/or diabetes who had a moderate to high risk for stroke. They were selected for study participation using simple random sampling at the Community Medical Center, Buriram Hospital. Questionnaires used for data collection were 1) perception of health belief with four dimensions: perceived risk of stroke, perceived severity of stroke, perceived benefits of stroke prevention, and perceived barriers to stroke prevention with reliability of .87, .90, .91, and .90, respectively; 2) cue to action in stroke prevention; 3) perceived self-efficacy in stroke prevention; and 4) stroke prevention behaviors. The reliability coefficients of the questionnaires in parts 2, 3, and 4 were .92, .78, and .90, respectively. Data analysis included descriptive statistics and stepwise multiple regression analysis.
The results of the study indicated that perceived severity of stroke (β = .163, p < .05) perception of cues to action for stroke prevention (β = .203, p < .05), and perceived self-efficacy in stroke prevention (β = .637, p < .05) jointly predicted prevention stroke behaviors by 73.80% (R2 = .738, p < .05).
According to the study's findings, healthcare providers should create guidelines for stroke prevention in stroke-risk patients. This can be done by educating patients about stroke and stroke prevention using videos, posters, and applications, as well as involving families and communities in promoting healthy behaviors. This will help patients perceive the seriousness of stroke and feel confident in their practice of appropriate behaviors to prevent stroke.
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