The Effects of a Maternal Self-efficacy Development Program on Promoting Development of Preterm Infants
Keywords:
Maternal self-efficacy, Preterm infants development promotionAbstract
Preterm infants’ body systems are not fully developed, so they have an increased risk for neurobehavioral development disorders and developmental delays. This quasi-experimental research aimed to study the effects of a maternal self-efficacy development program on promoting the development of preterm infants. The participants were selected by purposive sampling of 48 premature mothers, with 24 mothers in a control group receiving normal nursing care and 24 mothers in an experimental group receiving normal nursing care and participating in the self-efficacy development program which consisted of a 4-day intervention period. The instruments for data collection included: a self-efficacy and a maternal behavior assessment form for promoting preterm infant development. Content validity index (CVI) values by three experts were 0.90 and 0.87, respectively, and testing for reliability produced Cronbach's alpha coefficient values of 0.82 and 0.80, respectively. The maternal self-efficacy development program was quality checked by three experts in terms of both completeness of content and appropriateness of language used for communication. Statistical analyses used descriptive statistics and independent t-tests.
The results found that mothers in the experimental group who received the program had a significantly higher mean score for self-efficacy perception (M = 81.42, SD = 6.24) than before the experiment (M = 60.70, SD = 10.04, t = 15.227, p < .001) and higher than that of the control group who received normal nursing care (M = 69.38, SD = 9.18 t = 5.315, p < .001). Regarding maternal behavior towards promoting development of preterm infants, the experimental group had a significantly higher mean score (M = 80.96, SD = 6.98) than before the experiment (M = 55.96, SD = 15.89, t = 11.380, p < .001) and significantly higher than that of the control group (M = 70.67, SD = 9.75, t = 4.204, p < .001)
The maternal self-efficacy development program could enhance mothers’ behaviors for promoting the development of their premature infants. Therefore, nurses should provide self-efficacy development programs for mothers to promote development of preterm infants, continuously and effectively.
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