The Effectiveness of Self-Management Programs on the Severity of Dyspnea in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Keywords:
Self-management programs, Severity of dyspnea, COPD patients, Systematic reviewAbstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major public health issue worldwide which affects health, bodily function, and lung capacity, leading to illness and mortality of the population. This systematic review evaluates the effectiveness of self-management programs in reducing dyspnea severity in COPD patients. Following the systematic review guidelines of the Joanna Briggs Institute, a comprehensive search was conducted for randomized controlled trials and quasi-experimental primary studies from 2018 to 2024. Data were analyzed using meta-analysis, with narrative summary applied to studies with insufficient statistics.
The results of this systematic literature review indicated that six studies met the inclusion criteria. The self-management programs primarily focused on symptom assessment and management, promotion of physical activity, treatment guidelines, diet and nutrition, and smoking behavior control with continuous follow-up via home visits or phone calls over an 8-week period. The results demonstrated a reduction in the severity of dyspnea in COPD patients (MD -0.62; 95% CI: -0.79, -0.45; P < 0.00001).
These findings provide valuable insights for developing patient care programs aimed at reducing dyspnea severity in COPD patients. Future primary studies examining different dyspnea severity levels are recommended to further enhance the evidence base and inform clinical practice guidelines.
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