Factors Predicting Health Behaviors of Persons with Transient Ischemic Attack at Least Six Months Post-Diagnosis
Keywords:
Health behaviors, Predictive factors, Transient ischemic attackAbstract
A transient ischemic attack (TIA) serves as a critical warning sign of a future stroke. Promoting appropriate and sustained health behaviors in individuals with TIA is essential for secondary stroke prevention. This predictive correlational study aimed to identify the key psychological predictors of health behaviors among individuals diagnosed with TIA at least six months post-diagnosis. The framework of this study was guided by Becker’s Health Belief Model (HBM). The participants comprised 160 individuals receiving outpatient care at three hospitals in Thailand. Quota sampling was employed to ensure proportional representation of the participants. Data were collected using the following instruments: 1) a personal information questionnaire, 2) the Health Behaviors among Persons with TIA Questionnaire, 3) the Perceived Susceptibility to Stroke Questionnaire, 4) the Perceived Severity of Stroke Questionnaire, 5) the Perceived Benefits of Health Behavior Questionnaire, and 6) the Perceived Barriers to Health Behavior Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and stepwise multiple regression analysis.
The findings revealed that only perceived barriers significantly predicted health behaviors (ß = –.431, p < .001), accounting for 18.1% of the variance (Adjusted R² = .181, F = 36.057, p < .001). Other components of the HBM, including perceived susceptibility, severity, and benefits, were not significant predictors.
These results highlight the need for nursing professionals to develop and implement targeted interventions that specifically reduce perceived barriers to health behavior adherence in individuals six months post-diagnosis. Nurses can play a critical role in supporting patients to sustain healthy behaviors and prevent recurrent strokes.
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