The Effects of Pain Management Program on Pain among Surgical Critically Ill Patients undergoing Abdominal Surgery, Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Surat Thani Hospital
Keywords:
Pain Management Program, Surgical Critically Ill Patients, Abdominal SurgeryAbstract
This quasi-experimental research aimed to compare mean pain scores at 72 hours post-abdominal surgery between critically ill surgical patients receiving a structured pain management program (experimental group) and those receiving routine nursing care (control group). A secondary objective was to evaluate nurses' satisfaction with the program's implementation. The sample consisted of 44 critically ill surgical patients admitted to the Surgical Intensive Care Unit (SICU) at Surat Thani Hospital, divided equally into an experimental group (n=22) and a control group (n=22). The research instrument was a pain management program developed based on the acute postoperative pain guidelines from the Royal College of Anesthesiologists of Thailand and the Thai Association for the Study of Pain. The program included systematic pain assessment, management based on pain severity, concurrent nursing care, and post-intervention reassessment (IOC .90). Other tools included a pain management record form and a nurse satisfaction questionnaire, with Cronbach's alpha reliability coefficients of .86 and .87, respectively. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and the Mann-Whitney U Test.
The results revealed that the mean pain score at 72 hours post-abdominal surgery was significantly lower in the experimental group than in the control group (P-value= .031). Nurses' overall satisfaction with the program was high (Mean=4.33, SD.= .39). The highest-rated aspects were that the program helped manage postoperative pain (Mean=4.80, SD.= .41) and effectively relieved pain (Mean=4.73, SD.= .46). The lowest-rated aspect was the convenience and speed of the equipment used for pain assessment (Mean=3.86, SD.= .35).
These findings indicate that the structured pain management program is effective in reducing postoperative abdominal pain in critically ill surgical patients and was met with a high level of satisfaction by the implementing nurses.
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