Factors Influencing Self-Management Behaviors for Stroke Prevention in Patients with Uncontrolled Hypertension
Keywords:
Influencing factors, Self-management behavior, Stroke, Uncontrolled HypertensionAbstract
This study employed a mixed-methods research design, specifically an explanatory sequential design, to examine factors influencing self-management behaviors for stroke prevention among patients with uncontrolled hypertension. The research was conducted from June to October 2024. The study population consisted of patients with uncontrolled hypertension who received services at the outpatient clinics of Ang Thong Hospital and Sing Buri Hospital. A purposive sampling technique was used, resulting in a sample of 62 participants. The research instruments were administered in two phases. Phase 1 included questionnaires on perceived self-efficacy, participation in treatment planning, social support from family, self-care support from the healthcare system, and self-management behaviors. Phase 2 consisted of open-ended questions for focus group discussions and in-depth interviews. Quantitative data were analyzed using stepwise multiple regression analysis, and qualitative data were analyzed using thematic analysis.
The findings revealed that the self-management behavior component with the highest mean score was adherence/maintenance (Mean=4.24, SD.= .58), followed by social role (Mean=3.73, SD.= .94). Among the influencing factors, participation in treatment planning had the highest mean score (Mean=4.26, SD.= .61), followed by support from the healthcare system (Mean=4.14, SD.= .77). Participation in treatment planning and target control of blood pressure, and family social support were significant joint predictors of overall self-management behavior, explaining 61.6% of the variance. Participation in treatment planning was the strongest positive predictor of self-management behavior (β= .515, p< .001).
Conclusion and Recommendations: Participation in treatment planning and target control of blood pressure, and social support from Family are Important Factors in promoting self-management for stroke prevention in this high-risk group. Therefore, a model to promote self-management behaviors should be developed that emphasizes participation in treatment planning and blood pressure target control, together with support from family members.
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