Association Between Social Determinants of Health and Disease Awareness among Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease in Banten, Indonesia
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Abstract
Purpose: To assess awareness of chronic kidney disease and examine the association between social determinants of health and disease awareness among patients with chronic kidney disease in Banten Province, Indonesia.
Design: Predictive correlational study.
Methods: Convenience sampling was used to recruit 137 patients with chronic kidney disease in stage 2 and 3 who had received regular treatment at the general hospital in Banten, Indonesia. The data were collected by questionnaires including personal information form, Indonesia’s Health Literacy Short-Form Survey Questionnaire, and Communication Assessment Tool. Descriptive statistics, Chi-square test, and binary logistic regression were performed for statistical analysis.
Main findings: Results indicated that 67.9% of the participants were unaware of their kidney disease. In binary logistic regression analysis, individuals with a high school (OR = 5.26, 95%CI [1.06, 25.90]), or higher education (OR = 16.49, 95%CI [2.77, 97.96]), sufficient health literacy (OR = 4.97, 95%CI [1.42, 17.37]), and more than six healthcare visits in the past 12 months (OR = 3.31, 95%CI [1.13, 9.67]) demonstrated higher awareness than the reference group.
Conclusion and recommendations: Based on the study results, nurses and healthcare professionals should pay greater attention to patients with low education, limited health literacy, and infrequent healthcare visits. Effective health-literacy-based interventions should be provided to ensure that the patients recognize their disease status, understand health information, and manage the disease properly to slow kidney disease progression. In addition, future research should be done in other settings, and other social determinants of health should be explored.
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