Ophthalmic Injuries from Spitting Cobra Venom: Three Case Reports
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Abstract
Direct ocular inoculation with spitting cobra venom can cause irritation, pain and decreased visual acuity . Delayed treatment may result in corneal ulcer, corneal perforation and blindness. The initial management of venom ophthalmia consists of urgent decontamination by copious irrigation of tap water, normal saline or a bland fluid such as milk if nothing else is available. The first aid has proved effective in preventing further venomophthalmia complications. Topical anti-inflammations and antibiotics can be used to reduce the risk of inflammation and prevent secondary infection. There is no evidence of systemic spread of venom from ocular spitting exposure. Antivenom (topical or intravenous) is not indicated for patients with ocular exposure to venom spitting.
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