Effects of a Health Behavioral Change Program on a Cardiovascular Risk Group of Overweight Public Health Officers in Thap Than District, Uthai Thani Province
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Abstract
BACKGROUND: Overweight or obesity is a major health problem in Thailand, which results in cardiovascular disease (CVD). Therefore, the prevention of occurring complications of CVD is crucial.
OBJECTIVES: To study the effect of a health behavioral change program on the food consumption and exercise behavior in a cardiovascular risk group of overweight public health officers.
METHODS: This quasi-experimental research was conducted among public health officers, in Thap Than District, Uthai Thani Province, Thailand, who had BMI≥23kg/m2, LDL-cholesterol130-190mg/dL, Thai CV risk score less than 10 percent, no underlying diseases, and were not taking any anti lipid drugs. Thirty participants were each assigned into the experimental group (EG) and control group (CG). The EG received cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) for 12 weeks, which consisted of six sessions: (1) identify, evaluate, and recognizing negative thoughts; (2) modification of the eating behavior; (3) modification of the exercise behavior; (4) adjust the goals and find motivation; (5) skills consolidation and maintenance; (6) evaluation and the ending therapy. The CG received a general medical service. The data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics, paired t-test, and independent t-test. The significance level was denoted by 0.05.
RESULTS: At the end of the study, the mean overall scores of the lipid-lowering behavior had significantly increased from 78.1 (SD = 9.3) to 86.2 (SD = 5.3) in the EG (p < 0.001), and were also significantly higher than the CG (p < 0.001). When considering the mean scores in the part of the eating activities, the participants in the EG had increased their intake of fruits, vegetables and had a low consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages and fats. There was no difference in the mean scores of the lipid-lowering behavior in the part of the physical activities between both groups. In the EG, the mean LDL–cholesterol level had significantly decreased from 148.5 mg/dl (SD = 13.0) to 119.9 mg/dl (SD = 14.3) (p < 0.001), and it was also significantly lower than the CG (p < 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS: The research findings showed that this health program decreased LDL–cholesterol among overweight public health staff at 12 weeks. Therefore, a long-term follow-up of the behavioral change program would be necessary in order to maintain the behavioral change and reduce the incidence of CVD.
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References
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