Clinical Outcomes of Kawasaki Disease in Surin Hospital
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Abstract
BACKGROUND: Kawasaki Disease (KD) is a systemic idiopathic inflammation of blood vessels commonly found in children aged less than five years which contributes to the leading cause of juvenile heart disease in developed countries. The major complication is Coronary artery aneurysm (CAA) and the standard treatment is the administration of intravenous immunoglobulin within ten days after fever onset to minimize the risk of CAA.
OBJECTIVE: The study aimed to assess the clinical outcomes of Kawasaki Disease treatment among children at Surin Hospital.
METHODS: A retrospective descriptive study was conducted in patients diagnosed with Kawasaki Disease from January 1st 2013 to December 31st 2019. Studied patients were classified as either Complete KD or Incomplete KD following the Kawasaki diagnostic criteria. Data analysis used Package Software. Student t-test for inferential statistics was applied to identify correlations between variables and factors in Complete KD and Incomplete KD groups at a significance level of p≤0.05.
RESULTS: There were a total of 92 eligible Kawasaki patients comprising a male-to-female ratio of 1.87:1. The youngest patient was aged 1 month and 23 days. The highest incidence of disease was among 1-2 year-olds (33.7%). The incidence of Complete KD and Incomplete KD were 70.6% and 29.4%, respectively. The most common symptom and clinical presentation was oral mucosal changes (96.7%). Comparing between Complete KD and Incomplete KD groups, the SGPT level in the Complete KD group was higher than that of the Incomplete KD group at a significance level of p=0.03. There were 87 patients (94.6%) treated with IVIG. The first echocardiography result of 78 patients was undetected for Coronary artery aneurysm. A follow-up study of echocardiography after discharge found that one patient had a Medium coronary artery aneurysm, and the case was referred for advanced management to Maharat Nakhon Ratchasima Hospital.
CONCLUSION: In Surin Province, Kawasaki Disease was mostly found in children aged less than five years, and 87 cases (94.6%) were treated with IVIG. Only one case presented with a Coronary artery aneurysm after follow-up and was referred to Maharat Nakhon Ratchasima Hospital.
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