Biomimetic Calcium-Phosphate-Based Toothpaste, an Alternative in Modern Oral Care
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Abstract
For several decades, dental caries has been one of the most common infectious diseases worldwide, and the use of fluoride toothpaste is widely known as the gold standard for dental caries prevention among both adults and children. Recently, biomimetic calcium-phosphate-based toothpastes, such as hydroxyapatite (HAP), casein phosphopeptide amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP), and calcium sodium phosphosilicate (CSPS) as an active ingredient in fluoride-free toothpastes, have been developed and become options for dental caries prevention. Since calcium and phosphate are the main components of tooth structure, calcium-phosphate-based molecules enhance remineralization of dental hard tissue, improve enamel surface hardness in early caries lesions, decrease surface roughness of white spot lesions, and reduce dentin hypersensitivity by occluding exposed dentinal tubules. This article aims to review the benefits of calcium-phosphate-based toothpastes in terms of remineralization, treating white spot lesions, antimicrobial effect, and desensitizing hypersensitive dentine. Clinical studies have shown that calcium-phosphate-based toothpaste’s performances in enhancing remineralization were comparable to fluoride-containing toothpaste; for reducing white spot lesions, occluding dentinal tubule and desensitizing sensitive dentine, calcium-phosphate-based toothpaste was superior to fluoride-containing toothpaste, while zinc-carbonate hydroxyapatite (Zn-CHA)-containing toothpaste performed notably in antimicrobial and antibiofilm formation.
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