Factors Associated with Functional Sarcopenia in Older Adult with Recent Fall
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Abstract
Background: Sarcopenia is a major factor in increased frailty and fall accidents. The early identification of older adults who are at risk for sarcopenia can lead to improved health outcomes. In Chanthaburi Province, no previous studies have focused on sarcopenia.
Objective: This study aimed to identify the factors associated with sarcopenia in older adults, which could help guide the development of more tailored detection for at-risk individuals.
Methods: This study used a cross-sectional design utilizing data from the computerized database system at Phrapokklao Hospital. The participants included older adults aged 60 years or older with a history of at least one fall within the past 12 months who received care at the Geriatric Clinic between May 2024 and October 2024. Clinically relevant variables were analyzed using bivariate analysis and multivariable logistic regressions to identify the factors associated with sarcopenia.
Results: This study included a total of 40 participants. The average age was 75±7 years, and 23 individuals (57.5%) had sarcopenia. Those with sarcopenia had significantly lower hemoglobin levels (11.6 g/dL vs. 12.9 g/dL), and lower albumin levels (4.0 g/L vs. 4.4 g/L). They were on more medications (8 types vs. 6 types), and had lower instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) scores (5 points vs. 8 points). All these differences were statistically significant (p<0.05). After controlling for confounding factors, the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) was the only factor found to be associated with sarcopenia in older adults (adjOR=3.3, 95% CI 1.0-10.5).
Conclusions: Individuals with sarcopenia tend to have a higher CCI, a higher number of regular medications, lower IADL scores, lower hemoglobin levels, and lower serum albumin levels. Multivariable analysis revealed that the CCI is significantly associated with sarcopenia.
Thaiclinicaltrials.org number, TCTR20250222004
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