Perceived Stigma, Social Support, and Quality of Life among People Living with HIV/AIDS in Lopburi Province
คำสำคัญ:
คุณภาพชีวิต, การรับรู้การตีตรา, การสนับสนุนทางสังคม , ผู้ติดเชื้อเอชไอวีและเอดส์บทคัดย่อ
This cross-sectional study aimed to measure level of quality of life (QoL), social support, and perceived stigma among people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) at antiretroviral clinics (ARV clinics) in the Lopburi Province, Thailand from 15 July 2018 to 15 January 2019. The PLWHA were purposively selected from six public hospitals using probability sampling proportional to population size. The data were collected by face-to-face interviews using the Thai language version of the 31-item World Health Organization Quality of Life in HIV-infected Persons instrument (WHOQOL-BREF-HIV), which is a structured questionnaire with 22 items about internalized shame and social isolation and 14 items about social support. The total scores of WHOQOL-BREF-HIV were categorized into two groups (good and poor quality of life) using the median as a cut-off-point.
Of the 415 invited PLWHA, 362 PLWHA agreed to participate (response rate = 87.2%). The results indicated that PLWHA reported good QoL (85.1%) (Mean=123.63; S.D.=15.14). About 9.4% of PLWHA reported a high level of perceived stigma, while 70.2% reported a good level of social support. Multivariate binary logistic regression revealed that social rejection was associated with reduced QoL (ORadj 0.84; 95% CI, 0.76 - 0.92), after adjusting for general characteristics and clinical factors. However, appraisal support provision of information that useful for self-evaluation purposes was associated with improved QoL (ORadj 1.89; 95% CI, 1.31 - 2.70), after adjusting for confounding.
This study emphasized the effects of perceived stigma and social support on quality of life among PLWHA. To improve QoL among PLWHA, healthcare staff at ARV clinics should consider a proactive approach to increase self-esteem, to provide service in line with social support, and to reduce perceived stigma and discrimination.
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