Continuing Care and Prevention of Delirium in Elderly Patients Transitioning from Hospital to Home: Integrating Transitional Care Programs
Keywords:
older adults, delirium, continuing care, home health careAbstract
Delirium is an acute brain disorder that causes memory and cognitive impairment. Recently, there has been a higher incidence of delirium reported in older adults both during hospitalization and after being discharged to the home. This article aims to enhance understanding of continuing care with integrated transitional care programs in preventing delirium among older adults when transitioning from hospital to home.
Three groups of clinical symptoms were categorized: hyperactive form, hypoactive form, and mixed form. Causes of the disease include: 1) individual factors, 2) factors directly affecting the brain or causing physiological disturbances, and 3) environmental factors. The role of nurses in providing continuing care to prevent delirium occurring in patients transitioning from hospital to home includes an integrated transitional care program, which is a care program for patients in the hospital stage waiting to transition to home. The six steps of the program consist of: assessment, planning and surveillance, treatment, discharge planning, patient and family education, and post-discharge follow-up visits. In addition, healthcare provider guidelines for promoting cognition and preventing delirium among the elderly while at home include the development of an application monitoring the effects of medication, the use of therapeutic dolls, music therapy, and bright-light therapy.
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