A Study of Health Literacy, Exercise, and Energy Intake of Pregnant Women with Diabetes Mellitus
Keywords:
pregnant women with diabetes mellitus, health literacy, exercise, energy intakeAbstract
This survey research aimed to study the health literacy, exercise, and energy intake of 100 pregnant women with pre-gestational and gestational diabetes mellitus in four secondary hospitals in Chiang Rai province, Thailand. The instruments consisted of a personal information record, a health literacy questionnaire related to diabetes during pregnancy, an exercise interview form, and an energy intake interview form. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics for frequency and percentage.
The results showed health literacy in the dimension of self-management was categorized as being at a good level. Meanwhile, the dimensions of access, communication skill, media literacy, cognition, and decision-making skill were categorized as being at a moderate level. In terms of exercise, 28.00% (n = 28) of samples exercised, and 5.00% (n = 5) of those exercised at least 150 minutes/week. Regarding energy intake, the mean energy intake was 1986.23 kcal/day (SD = 228.54), with mean energy intake scores during the first, second, and third trimesters of 1702.43, 1965.69, and 2006.65 kcal/day (SD = 110.39, 217.81, and 232.23), respectively. 79.00% (n = 79) of the respondents had an appropriate energy intake, and 21.00% (n = 21) had an inappropriate energy intake.
In conclusion, the study presented basic information on the health literacy, exercise, and energy intake of diabetic pregnant women; this study could help in planning care, screening, assessing, following up, and making recommendations for diabetic pregnant women to maintain an appropriate food intake to obtain sufficient energy for their needs and stage of trimester.
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