Reduced Post operative blood loss in Total Knee Arthroplasty by using topicaltranexamic acid

Abstract

The objective of this Retrospective analytic study was to compare the total volumeof post-operative blood loss among the patients who received Tranexamic Acid in the wound.Sample group: who had and had not received Tranexamic Acid 26 and 22 pateintsrespectively.The comparative study of post-operative blood loss in minimaly invasivesurgical approach for total Knee Arthroplasty between the groups who had received and had notreceived Tranexamic Acid in the wound. Data collected from medical recordduring January 2015 toDecember 2015 compare between received and not received intravenous fluid during the operation,plasma hemoglobin, VAS pain score and operative time (minutes) by using Independentt-test. Total volume of blood loss comparison by Wilcoxon rank-sum (Mann-Whitney). Test therelationship between the volume of post-operative blood loss and during the operation in thegroups that had received and had not received by Chi-square test.

The result showed the average of post-operative plasma hemoglobin of the group who had received and had not received Tranexamic Acid were 9.95 and 9.30 mg% respectively and this was statistically significant (p-value = 0.001), mean blood loss of the group who had received was less than the group who had not received, the median value: 470 ml (Q1=440; Q3=585), the median of the group who had not received: 720 ml (Q1=630; Q3=750) which was statistically significant (p-value < 0.001). The test results, the difference of the group who had received and the group who had not received: 1) received intravenous fluid during the operation revealed 1185.50 and 1192.78 ml respectively. 2) Arrange operative time was 100.80 and 103.50 minutes respectively.3) VAS 4.95 and 5.44, respectively. However, the test results of the average of intravenous fluid recived during the operation, the operative time and VAS pain of two groups who had received and the group who had not received were not statistically difference (p-value 0.909, 0.089 and0.313), respectively. 4) Post-operative blood loss was more than 500 ml 26.9 and 86.4%. The group who had not received tranexamic acid increased risk of post-operative blood loss was more than 500 ml than those who had received 3.55 times (95%Cl: 1.64 - 7.73), this had statistically significant differences.

Conclusion: Patients who had received Tranexamic Acid had post-operative blood loss less than patients who had not received.