การดูแลโดยครอบครัวและการเจ็บป่วยทางจิตครั้งแรก: ความท้าทายของการพยาบาลจิตเวช
Main Article Content
บทคัดย่อ
บทคัดย่อ
การมีสมาชิกเจ็บป่วยทางจิตครั้งแรกเป็นประสบการณ์ที่ไม่คาดคิดสำหรับครอบครัว ครอบครัวอาจจะรู้สึกสับสนและไม่สามารถจัดการกับพฤติกรรมที่ไม่ปกติและอาการทางจิตได้อย่างเหมาะสม ดังนั้นการดูแลที่ตอบสนองความต้องการของครอบครัวจึงเป็นการดูแลที่สำคัญบ่อยครั้งที่ครอบครัวที่ดูแลผู้ป่วยต้องเผชิญกับความบีบคั้นทางอารมณ์ ความรู้สึกสูญเสีย และรู้สึกเป็นตราบาป กิจกรรมการดูแลผู้ป่วยประกอบด้วยการดูแลจิตใจและร่างกาย การป้องกันการกลับเป็นซ้ำ และการจัดการอาการทางจิต สำหรับการดูแลครอบครัวควรให้สุขภาพจิตศึกษา เทคนิคการจัดการอาการทางจิต และทักษะการดูแล
Article Details
บท
บทความวิชาการ
บทความที่ได้รับการตีพิมพ์แล้ว เป็นลิขสิทธิ์ของสมาคมพยาบาลจิตเวชแห่งประเทศไทย
References
จิราพร ชมพิกุล, ปราณี สุทธิสุคนธ์, เกรียงศักดิ์ ซื่อเลื่อม, และดุษณี ดำมี. (2552). สัมพันธภาพในครอบครัวไทย. รายงานการวิจัยสถาบันพัฒนาการสาธารณสุขอาเซียนมหาวิทยาลัยมหิดล. นครปฐม: เอ็น แอนด์ เอ็น ก๊อปปี้แอนด์ พริ้นติ้ง.
ชาย โพธิสิตา. (2554). การเปลี่ยนแปลงครอบครัวและครัวเรือนไทย: เรา (ไม่) รู้อะไร. ในสุรีย์พรพันพึ่ง และ มาลี สันภูวรรณ์ (บรรณาธิการ). จุดเปลี่ยนประชากร จุดเปลี่ยนสังคมไทย(หน้า 24-41). นครปฐม : สถาบันวิจัยประชากรและสังคม มหาวิทยาลัยมหิดล.
Armijo, J., Mendez, E., Morales, R., Schilling, S., Castro, A., et al. (2013). Efficacy of community treatments for schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders: a literature review. Frontier in Psychiatry, 4(116), 1-10.
Beliz, N. R. (2016). The efficacy of family interaction with acutely psychotic inpatients. Doctoral dissertation, University of Los Angeles, United State of America.
Boydell, J., Onwumere, J., Dutta, R., Bhavsar, V., Hill, N., Morgan, C., et al. (2014). Caregiving in first-episode psychosis: social characteristics associated with perceived burden and associations with compulsory treatment. Early Intervention in Psychiatry, 8, 122-
129.
Chan, K. W., Tse, S. S. K., Sit, L. T., Hui, C. L. M., Chang, W. C., et al. (2017). Web-based psychoeducation program for caregivers of first episode of psychosis: an experience of Chinese population in Hong Kong. Frontiers in Psychology, 7, 1-6.
Cheong Poon, A.W., Curtis, J., Ward, P., Loneragan, C., & Lappin, J. (2018). Physical and psychological health of carers of young people with first episode psychosis. Australasian Psychiatry, 26(2), 184-188.
Chiliza, B., Oosthuizen, P., & Emsley, R. (2008). First-episode psychosis: an update. Scholar Academic Journal of Pharmacy, 14(1), 14-19.
Compton, M. T., Esterberg, M. L., Druss, B. G., Walker, E. F., & Kaslow, N. J. (2006). A descriptive study of pathways to care among hospitalized urban African American first-episode schizophrenia spectrum patients. Social Psychiatry Psychiatric Epidemiology,
41(7), 566-573.
Crowe, A., & Brinkley, A. (2015). Distress in Caregivers of a Family Member with Serious Mental Illness. The Family Journal: Counseling and Therapy for Couples and Families, 23(3), 286-294.
Day, K., & Petrakis, M. (2017). Family interventions in early psychosis service delivery: A systematized review. Social Work in Mental Health, 15(6), 632–650.
Eggenberger, S. K., & Nelm, T. P. (2006). Being family: the family experience when an adult member is hospitalized with a critical illness. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 16, 1618-1628.
Gupta, M. (2015). Family cohesion and flexibility in early episode psychosis. Dissertation for Doctor of Philosophy in Psychology, Queen’s University, Ontario, Canada.
Harris, A.W. F., Large, M. M., Redoblado-Hodge, A., Neilssen, O., Anderson, J., & Brennan, J. (2010). Clinical and cognitive associations with aggression in the first episode of psychosis. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 44, 85-93.
Jansen, J. E., Haahr, U. H., Harder, S., Trauelsen, A. M., Lyse, H. G., Pedersen, M. B., et al. (2015). Caregiver distress in first-episode psychosis: the role of subjective appraisal, over-involvement and symptomatology. Social Psychiatry Psychiatric Epidemiology,
50(3), 371-378.
Jansen, J. E., Lysaker, P. H., Harder, S., Haahr, U. H., Lyse, H. G., Pedersen, M. B., et al. (2014). Positive and negative caregiver experiences in first-episode psychosis: emotional over-involvement, wellbeing and metacognition. The British Psychological Society,
87, 298-310.
Killackey, E. (2009). Psychosocial and psychological interventions in early psychosis: essential elements for recovery. Early Intervention in Psychiatry, 3, s17-s21.
Koutra, K., Triliva, S., Roumeliotak, T., Stefanakis, Z., Basta, M., Lionis, C., et al. (2014). Family functioning in families of first episode psychosis patients as compare to chronic mentally ill patients and health controls. Psychiatry Research, 219, 486-496.
Kuipers, E., Holloway, F., Rabe-Hesketh, S., & Tennakoon, L. (2004). An RCT of early intervention in psychosis: Croydon Outreach and Assertive Support Team (COAST). Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 39, 358–363.
Kuipers, E., Onwumere, J., & Bebbington, P. (2010). Cognitive model of caregiving in psychosis. The British Journal of Psychiatry, 196, 259-265.
Lohacheewa, S., Sitthimongkol, Y., Sirapo-ngam, Y., & Viwatwongkasem, C. (2016). Psychological distress of family members caring for a relative with first episode schizophrenia. Pacific Rim International Journal of Nursing Research, 20(3) 183-195.
Lyer, S. N., Loohuis, H., Pawliuk, N., Joober, R., & Malla, A. K. (2011). Concerns reported by family members of individuals with first-episode psychosis. Early Intervention in Psychiatry, 5, 163-167.
Machielsen, M., Sluis, S., & Haan, L. (2010). Cannabis use in patient with a first psychotic episode and subjects at ultra-high risk of psychosis: impact on psychotic- and pre-psychotic symptoms. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 44, 721-728.
Malla, A., Norman, R., Schmitz, N., Manchanda, R., Bechard-Evans, L., Takhar, J., et al. (2006). Predictors of rate and time to remission in first-episode psychosis: a two-year outcome study. Psychological Medicine, 36, 649-658.
McCann, T. V., Cotton, S. M., & Lubman, D. I. (2017). Social problem solving in carers of young people with first episode of psychosis: a randomized controlled trial. Early Intervention in Psychiatry, 11, 346-350.
McCann, T. V., Lubman, D. I., & Clark, E. (2011a). First-time primary caregivers’ experience of caring for young adult with first-episode psychosis. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 37(2), 381-388.
McCann, T. V., Lubman, D. I., & Clark, E. (2011b). Responding to stigma: first-time caregivers of young people with first episode psychosis. Psychiatric Services, 62, 548–550.
McCann, T. V., Lubman, D. I., Cotton, S. M., Murphy, B., Crisp, K., et al. (2013). A randomized controlled trial of bibliotherapy for cares of young people with first episode psychosis. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 39(6), 1307 - 1317.
McCann, T. V., & Lubman, D. I. (2014). Qualitative process evaluation of a problem-solving guided self-help manual for family carers of young people with first-episode psychosis. BMC Psychiatry, 14 (168), 1-9.
Mo, F. Y. M., Chung, W. S., Wong, S. W., Chun, D. Y. Y., Wong, K. S., & Chan, S. S. M. (2008). Experience of caregiving in caregivers of patients with first-episode psychosis. Hong Kong Journal Psychiatry, 18, 1001-6.
Möller-Leimkühler, A. M. (2005). Burden of relatives and predictors of burden, baseline results from the Munich 5-years-folllow-up study on relatives of first hospitalized patients with schizophrenia or depression. European Archives Psychiatry Clinical
Neuroscience, 255, 223-231.
Möller-Leimkühler, A. M., &Obermeier, M. (2008). Predicting caregiver burden in first admission psychiatric patients: 2-years follow-up results. European Archives Psychiatry Clinical Neuroscience, 258, 406-413.
Morin, M. H., & St-Onge, M. (2017). Factors predicting parents’ adaptation when supporting their young adult during a first-episode psychosis. Early Intervention in Psychiatry, 11(6), 488-497.
Napa, W., Tungpunkom, P., & Pothimas, N. (2017). Effectiveness of family interventions on psychological distress and expressed emotion in family members of individuals diagnosed with first-episode psychosis: a systematic review. Joanna Briggs Institute
Database Systematic Reviews Implementation Reports, 15(4), 1057-1079.
Napa, W., Tungpunkom, P., Sethabouppha, H., Klunklin, A., & Fernandez, R. (2017). A grounded theory study of Thai family caregiving process for relatives with first episode psychosis. Pacific Rim International Journal of Nursing Research, 21(2), 158-170.
Neilssen, O., & Large, M. (2010). Rates of homicide during the first episode of psychosis and after treatment: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 36(4), 702-712.
Onwumere, J., Sirykaite, S., Schulz, J., Man, E., James, G., et al. (2018). Understanding the experience of “burnout” in first-episode psychosis carers. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 83, 19–24.
Parker, K., Horowitz, J. M., & Rohal, M. (2015). Parenting in America Outlook, worries, aspirations are strongly linked to financial situation. Retrieved January 2, 2018, from https://www.pewsocialtrends.org/2015/12/17/ parenting-in-america/
Patrakis, M., & Laxton, S. (2017). Intervention early with family members during first episode psychosis: an evaluation of mental health nursing psychoeducation within an inpatient unit. Archives of Psychiatric Nursing, 31, 48-54.
Petrakis, M., Oxley, J., & Bloom, H. (2013). Carers psychoeducation in first-episode psychosis: Evaluation outcomes from a structured group programme. International Journal of Social Psychiatry, 59(4), 391–397.
Penny, E., Newton, E., & Larkin, M. (2009). Whispering on the water: British Pakistani families’ experiences of support from an early intervention service for first-episode psychosis. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 40(6), 969-987.
Popolo, R., Vinci, G., & Balbi, A. (2010). Cognitive function, social functioning and quality of life in first-episode psychosis: a 1-year longitudinal study. International Journal of Psychiatry in Clinical Practice, 14, 33-40.
Reed, S. I. (2008). First-episode psychosis: a literature review. International Journal of Mental Health Nursing, 17, 85-91.
Robinson, J., Cotton, S., Conus, P., Schimmelmann, G., McGorry, P., & Lambert, M. (2009). Prevalence and predictors of suicide attempt in an incidence cohort of 661 young people with first-episode psychosis. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry,
43, 149-157.
Robison, J., Fortinsky, R., Kleppingger, A., Shugrue, N., & Porter, M. (2009). A broader view of family caregiving: effects of caregiving and caregiver conditions on depressive symptoms, health, work, and social isolation. Journal of Gerontology: Social Sciences,
10, 1-11.
Sadath, A., Muralidhar, D., Varambally, S., Jose, J. P., & Gangadhar, B. N. (2015). Family Intervention in First-Episode Psychosis: A Qualitative Systematic Review. SAGE Journals, 5(4), 1-11.
Sagut, P., & Duman, Z. C. (2016). Comparison of caregiver burden in first episode versus chronic psychosis. Archives of Psychiatric Nursing, 30, 768-773.
Schumacher, K. L., Beidler, S. M., Beeber, A. S., & Gambino, P. (2006). A transactional model of cancer family caregiving skill. Advances in Nursing Science, 29(3), 271-286.
Sin, J., Moone, N., & Harris, P. (2008). Siblings of individuals with first-episode psychosis: understanding their experiences and needs. Journal of Psychosocial Nursing, 46(6), 33-40.
Sin, J., Moone, N., Harris, P., Scully, E., & Wellman, N. (2012). Understanding the experiences and service needs of siblings of individuals with first-episode psychosis: a phenomenological study. Early Intervention in Psychiatry, 6(1), 53-9.
Smith, L. (2013). Ethnic difference in caregiving processes in first-episode psychosis. A Thesis of Doctorate of Philosophy in Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry of King College, London, Great Britain.
Stajduhar, K. I., Funk, L., & Outcalt, L. (2013). Family caregiver learning-how family caregivers learn to provide care at the end of life: a qualitative secondary analysis of four datasets. Palliative Medicine, 27(7), 657-664.
Subramaniam, M., Pek, E., Verma, S., Chan, Y.H., & Chong, S.A. (2008). Diagnostic stability 2 years after treatment initiation in the Early Psychosis Intervention Program in Singapore. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 41, 495-500.
Turner, N., Brewne, S., Clarke, M., Gervin, M., Larkin, C., Waddington, J. L., et al. (2009). Employment status amongst those with psychosis at first presentation. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 44, 863-869.
Upadhyay, R. (2015). Perceived family dynamics and family care giving of the patient with chronic psychosis-special emphasis to long stay patients: a qualitative study. Dissertation of Master of Philosophy in Psychiatric Social work, RanchiUniversity Jharkhand,
India.
Verhaegh, M. J. M., Bongers, I. M. B., Kroon, H., & Garretsen, H. F. L. (2009). Model fidelity of assertive community treatment for client with first-episode psychosis: a target group-specific application. Community Mental Health Journal, 45, 12-18.
Wade, D., Harrigan, S., Harris, M. G., Edwards, J., & McGorry, P.G. (2006). Pattern and correlates of inpatient admission during the initial acute phase of first-episode psychosis. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 40, 429-436.
Wilson, J. H. (2012). First episode psychosis: the experience of parent caregivers. A Thesis for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, Faculty of Nursing, Alberta, Canada.
Wong, C., Davidson, L., Anglin, D., Link, B., Gerson, R., et al. (2009). Stigma in families of individuals in early stages of psychotic illness: family stigma and early psychosis. Early Intervention in Psychiatry, 3(2), 108–115.
Wong, C., Davidson, L., McGlashan, T., Gerson, R., Malaspina, D., & Corcoran, C. (2008). Comparable family burden in families of clinical high-risk and recent-onset psychosis patients. Early Intervention in Psychiatry, 2(4), 256-261.
Wongsawang, N., Lagampan, S., Lapvongwattana, P., & Bowers, B. J. (2013). Family caregiving for dependent older adults in Thai families. Journal of Nursing Scholarship, 45(4), 336-343.
ชาย โพธิสิตา. (2554). การเปลี่ยนแปลงครอบครัวและครัวเรือนไทย: เรา (ไม่) รู้อะไร. ในสุรีย์พรพันพึ่ง และ มาลี สันภูวรรณ์ (บรรณาธิการ). จุดเปลี่ยนประชากร จุดเปลี่ยนสังคมไทย(หน้า 24-41). นครปฐม : สถาบันวิจัยประชากรและสังคม มหาวิทยาลัยมหิดล.
Armijo, J., Mendez, E., Morales, R., Schilling, S., Castro, A., et al. (2013). Efficacy of community treatments for schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders: a literature review. Frontier in Psychiatry, 4(116), 1-10.
Beliz, N. R. (2016). The efficacy of family interaction with acutely psychotic inpatients. Doctoral dissertation, University of Los Angeles, United State of America.
Boydell, J., Onwumere, J., Dutta, R., Bhavsar, V., Hill, N., Morgan, C., et al. (2014). Caregiving in first-episode psychosis: social characteristics associated with perceived burden and associations with compulsory treatment. Early Intervention in Psychiatry, 8, 122-
129.
Chan, K. W., Tse, S. S. K., Sit, L. T., Hui, C. L. M., Chang, W. C., et al. (2017). Web-based psychoeducation program for caregivers of first episode of psychosis: an experience of Chinese population in Hong Kong. Frontiers in Psychology, 7, 1-6.
Cheong Poon, A.W., Curtis, J., Ward, P., Loneragan, C., & Lappin, J. (2018). Physical and psychological health of carers of young people with first episode psychosis. Australasian Psychiatry, 26(2), 184-188.
Chiliza, B., Oosthuizen, P., & Emsley, R. (2008). First-episode psychosis: an update. Scholar Academic Journal of Pharmacy, 14(1), 14-19.
Compton, M. T., Esterberg, M. L., Druss, B. G., Walker, E. F., & Kaslow, N. J. (2006). A descriptive study of pathways to care among hospitalized urban African American first-episode schizophrenia spectrum patients. Social Psychiatry Psychiatric Epidemiology,
41(7), 566-573.
Crowe, A., & Brinkley, A. (2015). Distress in Caregivers of a Family Member with Serious Mental Illness. The Family Journal: Counseling and Therapy for Couples and Families, 23(3), 286-294.
Day, K., & Petrakis, M. (2017). Family interventions in early psychosis service delivery: A systematized review. Social Work in Mental Health, 15(6), 632–650.
Eggenberger, S. K., & Nelm, T. P. (2006). Being family: the family experience when an adult member is hospitalized with a critical illness. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 16, 1618-1628.
Gupta, M. (2015). Family cohesion and flexibility in early episode psychosis. Dissertation for Doctor of Philosophy in Psychology, Queen’s University, Ontario, Canada.
Harris, A.W. F., Large, M. M., Redoblado-Hodge, A., Neilssen, O., Anderson, J., & Brennan, J. (2010). Clinical and cognitive associations with aggression in the first episode of psychosis. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 44, 85-93.
Jansen, J. E., Haahr, U. H., Harder, S., Trauelsen, A. M., Lyse, H. G., Pedersen, M. B., et al. (2015). Caregiver distress in first-episode psychosis: the role of subjective appraisal, over-involvement and symptomatology. Social Psychiatry Psychiatric Epidemiology,
50(3), 371-378.
Jansen, J. E., Lysaker, P. H., Harder, S., Haahr, U. H., Lyse, H. G., Pedersen, M. B., et al. (2014). Positive and negative caregiver experiences in first-episode psychosis: emotional over-involvement, wellbeing and metacognition. The British Psychological Society,
87, 298-310.
Killackey, E. (2009). Psychosocial and psychological interventions in early psychosis: essential elements for recovery. Early Intervention in Psychiatry, 3, s17-s21.
Koutra, K., Triliva, S., Roumeliotak, T., Stefanakis, Z., Basta, M., Lionis, C., et al. (2014). Family functioning in families of first episode psychosis patients as compare to chronic mentally ill patients and health controls. Psychiatry Research, 219, 486-496.
Kuipers, E., Holloway, F., Rabe-Hesketh, S., & Tennakoon, L. (2004). An RCT of early intervention in psychosis: Croydon Outreach and Assertive Support Team (COAST). Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 39, 358–363.
Kuipers, E., Onwumere, J., & Bebbington, P. (2010). Cognitive model of caregiving in psychosis. The British Journal of Psychiatry, 196, 259-265.
Lohacheewa, S., Sitthimongkol, Y., Sirapo-ngam, Y., & Viwatwongkasem, C. (2016). Psychological distress of family members caring for a relative with first episode schizophrenia. Pacific Rim International Journal of Nursing Research, 20(3) 183-195.
Lyer, S. N., Loohuis, H., Pawliuk, N., Joober, R., & Malla, A. K. (2011). Concerns reported by family members of individuals with first-episode psychosis. Early Intervention in Psychiatry, 5, 163-167.
Machielsen, M., Sluis, S., & Haan, L. (2010). Cannabis use in patient with a first psychotic episode and subjects at ultra-high risk of psychosis: impact on psychotic- and pre-psychotic symptoms. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 44, 721-728.
Malla, A., Norman, R., Schmitz, N., Manchanda, R., Bechard-Evans, L., Takhar, J., et al. (2006). Predictors of rate and time to remission in first-episode psychosis: a two-year outcome study. Psychological Medicine, 36, 649-658.
McCann, T. V., Cotton, S. M., & Lubman, D. I. (2017). Social problem solving in carers of young people with first episode of psychosis: a randomized controlled trial. Early Intervention in Psychiatry, 11, 346-350.
McCann, T. V., Lubman, D. I., & Clark, E. (2011a). First-time primary caregivers’ experience of caring for young adult with first-episode psychosis. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 37(2), 381-388.
McCann, T. V., Lubman, D. I., & Clark, E. (2011b). Responding to stigma: first-time caregivers of young people with first episode psychosis. Psychiatric Services, 62, 548–550.
McCann, T. V., Lubman, D. I., Cotton, S. M., Murphy, B., Crisp, K., et al. (2013). A randomized controlled trial of bibliotherapy for cares of young people with first episode psychosis. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 39(6), 1307 - 1317.
McCann, T. V., & Lubman, D. I. (2014). Qualitative process evaluation of a problem-solving guided self-help manual for family carers of young people with first-episode psychosis. BMC Psychiatry, 14 (168), 1-9.
Mo, F. Y. M., Chung, W. S., Wong, S. W., Chun, D. Y. Y., Wong, K. S., & Chan, S. S. M. (2008). Experience of caregiving in caregivers of patients with first-episode psychosis. Hong Kong Journal Psychiatry, 18, 1001-6.
Möller-Leimkühler, A. M. (2005). Burden of relatives and predictors of burden, baseline results from the Munich 5-years-folllow-up study on relatives of first hospitalized patients with schizophrenia or depression. European Archives Psychiatry Clinical
Neuroscience, 255, 223-231.
Möller-Leimkühler, A. M., &Obermeier, M. (2008). Predicting caregiver burden in first admission psychiatric patients: 2-years follow-up results. European Archives Psychiatry Clinical Neuroscience, 258, 406-413.
Morin, M. H., & St-Onge, M. (2017). Factors predicting parents’ adaptation when supporting their young adult during a first-episode psychosis. Early Intervention in Psychiatry, 11(6), 488-497.
Napa, W., Tungpunkom, P., & Pothimas, N. (2017). Effectiveness of family interventions on psychological distress and expressed emotion in family members of individuals diagnosed with first-episode psychosis: a systematic review. Joanna Briggs Institute
Database Systematic Reviews Implementation Reports, 15(4), 1057-1079.
Napa, W., Tungpunkom, P., Sethabouppha, H., Klunklin, A., & Fernandez, R. (2017). A grounded theory study of Thai family caregiving process for relatives with first episode psychosis. Pacific Rim International Journal of Nursing Research, 21(2), 158-170.
Neilssen, O., & Large, M. (2010). Rates of homicide during the first episode of psychosis and after treatment: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 36(4), 702-712.
Onwumere, J., Sirykaite, S., Schulz, J., Man, E., James, G., et al. (2018). Understanding the experience of “burnout” in first-episode psychosis carers. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 83, 19–24.
Parker, K., Horowitz, J. M., & Rohal, M. (2015). Parenting in America Outlook, worries, aspirations are strongly linked to financial situation. Retrieved January 2, 2018, from https://www.pewsocialtrends.org/2015/12/17/ parenting-in-america/
Patrakis, M., & Laxton, S. (2017). Intervention early with family members during first episode psychosis: an evaluation of mental health nursing psychoeducation within an inpatient unit. Archives of Psychiatric Nursing, 31, 48-54.
Petrakis, M., Oxley, J., & Bloom, H. (2013). Carers psychoeducation in first-episode psychosis: Evaluation outcomes from a structured group programme. International Journal of Social Psychiatry, 59(4), 391–397.
Penny, E., Newton, E., & Larkin, M. (2009). Whispering on the water: British Pakistani families’ experiences of support from an early intervention service for first-episode psychosis. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 40(6), 969-987.
Popolo, R., Vinci, G., & Balbi, A. (2010). Cognitive function, social functioning and quality of life in first-episode psychosis: a 1-year longitudinal study. International Journal of Psychiatry in Clinical Practice, 14, 33-40.
Reed, S. I. (2008). First-episode psychosis: a literature review. International Journal of Mental Health Nursing, 17, 85-91.
Robinson, J., Cotton, S., Conus, P., Schimmelmann, G., McGorry, P., & Lambert, M. (2009). Prevalence and predictors of suicide attempt in an incidence cohort of 661 young people with first-episode psychosis. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry,
43, 149-157.
Robison, J., Fortinsky, R., Kleppingger, A., Shugrue, N., & Porter, M. (2009). A broader view of family caregiving: effects of caregiving and caregiver conditions on depressive symptoms, health, work, and social isolation. Journal of Gerontology: Social Sciences,
10, 1-11.
Sadath, A., Muralidhar, D., Varambally, S., Jose, J. P., & Gangadhar, B. N. (2015). Family Intervention in First-Episode Psychosis: A Qualitative Systematic Review. SAGE Journals, 5(4), 1-11.
Sagut, P., & Duman, Z. C. (2016). Comparison of caregiver burden in first episode versus chronic psychosis. Archives of Psychiatric Nursing, 30, 768-773.
Schumacher, K. L., Beidler, S. M., Beeber, A. S., & Gambino, P. (2006). A transactional model of cancer family caregiving skill. Advances in Nursing Science, 29(3), 271-286.
Sin, J., Moone, N., & Harris, P. (2008). Siblings of individuals with first-episode psychosis: understanding their experiences and needs. Journal of Psychosocial Nursing, 46(6), 33-40.
Sin, J., Moone, N., Harris, P., Scully, E., & Wellman, N. (2012). Understanding the experiences and service needs of siblings of individuals with first-episode psychosis: a phenomenological study. Early Intervention in Psychiatry, 6(1), 53-9.
Smith, L. (2013). Ethnic difference in caregiving processes in first-episode psychosis. A Thesis of Doctorate of Philosophy in Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry of King College, London, Great Britain.
Stajduhar, K. I., Funk, L., & Outcalt, L. (2013). Family caregiver learning-how family caregivers learn to provide care at the end of life: a qualitative secondary analysis of four datasets. Palliative Medicine, 27(7), 657-664.
Subramaniam, M., Pek, E., Verma, S., Chan, Y.H., & Chong, S.A. (2008). Diagnostic stability 2 years after treatment initiation in the Early Psychosis Intervention Program in Singapore. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 41, 495-500.
Turner, N., Brewne, S., Clarke, M., Gervin, M., Larkin, C., Waddington, J. L., et al. (2009). Employment status amongst those with psychosis at first presentation. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 44, 863-869.
Upadhyay, R. (2015). Perceived family dynamics and family care giving of the patient with chronic psychosis-special emphasis to long stay patients: a qualitative study. Dissertation of Master of Philosophy in Psychiatric Social work, RanchiUniversity Jharkhand,
India.
Verhaegh, M. J. M., Bongers, I. M. B., Kroon, H., & Garretsen, H. F. L. (2009). Model fidelity of assertive community treatment for client with first-episode psychosis: a target group-specific application. Community Mental Health Journal, 45, 12-18.
Wade, D., Harrigan, S., Harris, M. G., Edwards, J., & McGorry, P.G. (2006). Pattern and correlates of inpatient admission during the initial acute phase of first-episode psychosis. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 40, 429-436.
Wilson, J. H. (2012). First episode psychosis: the experience of parent caregivers. A Thesis for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, Faculty of Nursing, Alberta, Canada.
Wong, C., Davidson, L., Anglin, D., Link, B., Gerson, R., et al. (2009). Stigma in families of individuals in early stages of psychotic illness: family stigma and early psychosis. Early Intervention in Psychiatry, 3(2), 108–115.
Wong, C., Davidson, L., McGlashan, T., Gerson, R., Malaspina, D., & Corcoran, C. (2008). Comparable family burden in families of clinical high-risk and recent-onset psychosis patients. Early Intervention in Psychiatry, 2(4), 256-261.
Wongsawang, N., Lagampan, S., Lapvongwattana, P., & Bowers, B. J. (2013). Family caregiving for dependent older adults in Thai families. Journal of Nursing Scholarship, 45(4), 336-343.