Perspectives on Successful Behavioral Modification for Sustained Blood Glucose Control in Individuals with Diabetes

Abstract

Blood glucose levels influence atherosclerosis, subsequently affecting various body organs. Elevated blood sugar levels beyond the normal range contribute to vascular stiffness, which affects various organs in the body. Therefore, controlling blood sugar levels is crucial for reducing or delaying complications associated with diabetes. Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) indicates successful blood glucose control and is closely related to individual health behaviors. This qualitative research aimed to explore the perspectives on health behavior modification and maintenance among individuals with diabetes who successfully controlled their blood glucose levels over a sustained period. Data were collected through in-depth, semi-structured interviews with 15 participants diagnosed with diabetes whose HbA1c levels had remained stable or decreased over the past three consecutive years. The data were analyzed using qualitative content analysis. The findings revealed three key perspectives regarding behavior modification: 1) Fear as a driving force, 2) Making it simple and manageable, and 3) Awareness leading to goal-setting. Fear served as the initial motivator for behavior change, while simplicity, convenience, and clear goal-setting contributed to the maintenance of these behaviors and long-term success. These findings can be applied as practical guidelines for promoting self-directed behavior modification among individuals with diabetes to enhance blood glucose control.