Botulinum toxin

Authors

  • Porntip Puvabanditsin DIVISION OF DERMATOLOGY, DEPARTMENT OF MEDICINE, FACULTY OF MEDICINE, CHULALONGKORN UNIVERSITY, BANGKOK, THAILAND.

Keywords:

Botulinum toxin, facial lines, pharmacology

Abstract

Botulinum toxin A (BTX-A) has been used successfully for muscle spasticity for more than 10 years. Now BTX is growing popularity for facial lines treatment and soon it will become the facial rejuvenation treatment. This article is reviewed the history, pharmacology, the proper technique for dilution, the injection dose, and the site of injection. The safety, the predictable results and the storage time were also discussed. The important role for dermatologists who are interested in cosmetic BTX treatment is the knowledgeable of the basic science of BTX, the facial anatomy, the individual muscle function and the over all facial appearance after each site treatment. The outcome of the individual treatment is different, the doctor should provide the information

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Published

2026-10-27

How to Cite

Puvabanditsin, P. (2026). Botulinum toxin. Thai Journal of Dermatology, 18(2), 54–70. Retrieved from https://he02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/TJD/article/view/285837

Issue

Section

Review article

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