Social-Ecological Factors Associated with Resilience and Psychological Well-being among Working People in Urban Communities during the COVID-19 Pandemic
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.60099/jtnmc.v38i01.260876Keywords:
COVID-19, resilience, social-ecological factors, psychological well-beingAbstract
Introduction: The COVID-19 is an emerging infectious disease that has become a pandemic, affecting working people in urban communities who often carry the primary responsibility for their families. To overcome this crisis, it is crucial for them to develop resilience. Therefore, there is a need for a study that examines the social-ecological factors associated with resilience and psychological well-being in working people.
Objectives: 1) To describe resilience and psychological well-being in working people, 2) to investigate associations of social-ecological factors at individual, family, and community levels and resilience and psychological well-being in working people, and 3) to investigate the association between resilience and psychological well-being among working people in urban communities during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Design: Descriptive correlational design.
Methodology: The study included 368 working people residing in the seven communities in Bangkok. A purposive sampling was used to recruit participants who met the inclusion criteria. The sample size was determined based on an effect size of 0.2, a power of .95, and a significance level of .05. Data collection instruments included a demographic questionnaire, the Walsh Family Resilience Questionnaire, the Conjoint Community Resiliency Assessment Measurement, the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale 10, and the Mental Health Continuum-Short Form. Instruments were tested for content validity and reliability, achieving a content validity index of 1.0 and a good reliability with Cronbach’s Alpha Coefficient of .91-.95. Data were collected between September and October, 2022. Descriptive statistics, Point-biserial correlation, and Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient were used for data analysis.
Results: The family resilience and psychological well-being levels were high, while community resilience level was moderate and individual resilient level was low. Social-ecological factors associated with resilience included the COVID-19 detection (r = -.110, p = .035), time since COVID-19 detection (r = -.125, p = .016), monthly income (r = .118, p < .024), family resilience (r = .517, p < .001) and community resilience (r = .377, p < .001). Factors associated with psychological well-being included number of health problems (r = -.121, p < .020), family resilience (r = .229, p< .001), and community resilience (r = .414, p < .001). Additionally, individual resilience was positively associated with psychological well-being (r = .397, p < .001).
Recommendations: Based on the study findings, it is recommended that nurses prioritize promoting family and community resilience among working people who have been recently detected with COVID-19, have more health problems, and lower income levels. This may help them develop and maintain resilience during the crisis and ultimately lead to better psychological well-being
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