Effects of Self-management with Family and Village Health Volunteer Participation Program on Health Behaviors and Blood Pressure Levels among Muslim Patients with Uncontrolled Hypertension
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.60099/jtnmc.v39i02.267475Keywords:
self-managemen, participation, hypertension, Muslim, health behaviorsAbstract
Introduction Hypertension is a major contributor to paralysis, paresis, and mortality. Encouraging patients with hypertension to adopt blood pressure control behaviors is crucial. However, prior behavioral modification efforts have shown limited long-term efficacy. Effective self-management, involving family and village health volunteers (VHVs), is essential for enhancing health behaviors and achieving controlled blood pressure among patients with uncontrolled hypertension. Designing a self-management program tailored to the culture and lifestyle of Muslim communities, with participation from family and VHVs, is pivotal in fostering improved health behaviors and reducing blood pressure levels among Muslim patients with uncontrolled hypertension.
Objectives This study aimed to examine the effects of self-management with family and VHV participation program on health behaviors and blood pressure level in Muslim patients with uncontrolled hypertension.
Design A quasi-experimental with a two-group pretest and posttest design, applying self-management model in primary care service that redesign service delivery for patients diagnosed with diabetes and hypertension (NCD-X) integrated with the social ecological model as the conceptual framework.
Methodology Participants were Muslim patients with uncontrolled hypertension, purposively selected according to the inclusion criteria. They were then randomly assigned to experimental and control groups, each including 28 participants. The experimental group underwent the self -management with family and VHV participation program for 12 weeks while the control group received usual care. The research instruments included demographic and health data form and health behavior questionnaire. The reliability of these instruments was confirmed by a Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of .70. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Paired t-test and Independent t-test.
Results After participating in the program, the experimental group showed a mean score for health behaviors (M = 59.35, SD = 8.32), significantly higher than before the program (M = 48.92, SD = 6.28, t = -8.299, p<.001) and higher than the control group (M = 49.39, SD = 6.55, t = 4.970, p<.001). Moreover, the experimental group showed a mean difference in systolic blood pressure before and after the program (M = 25.89, SD = 11.74), significantly higher than the control group (M = 9.82, SD = 16.40, t = 4.210, p<.001). Similarly, the mean difference in diastolic blood pressure before and after the program (M = 8.89, SD = 11.90) was significantly higher in the experimental group than the control group (M = -0.75, SD = 12.76, t = 2.920, p = .005).
Recommendation The healthcare teams can apply this program within NCD clinics for Muslim patients, with similar contexts, to foster health behaviors and continuously monitor patients’ blood pressure levels.
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