Effects of self-management program on self-management behaviors, viral load and CD4 level among HIV-infected persons
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14456/taj.2024.7Keywords:
HIV-infected persons, self-management program, self-management behavior, viral load, CD4 levelAbstract
This quasi-experimental study, utilizing a two-group pretest–posttest design, aimed to examine the effects of a self-management program on self-management behaviors, viral load, and CD4 among HIV-infected persons. The sample consisted of HIV-infected persons, divided into an experimental and a control group, with 22 individuals in each group. The experimental group received a self-management program, while the control group received regular care. The intervention research tool was a self-management program that consisted of the following components over a 12-week period: (1) goal selection, (2) information collection, (3) information processing and evaluation, (4) decision making, (5) action, and (6) self-reaction. Data collection tools included: (1) a self-management behavior questionnaire, and (2) a viral load and CD4 levels collecting form. The data were analyzed using percentage, mean, and standard deviation. Pre- and post-intervention data were compared using the paired t-test and Wilcoxon signed-ranks test, while comparisons between groups were made using the independent t–test and Mann-Whitney U test. The results showed that: (1) the experimental group had a significantly higher average score for self-management behaviors after the intervention compared to before the intervention, and higher than that the control group (p<0.05); (2) the viral load of the experimental group after the intervention was significantly different from that before the intervention (p<0.05), but there was no significant difference compared to the control group; and (3) the experimental group had a significantly higher average CD4 score after the intervention compared to the control group (p<0.05). These results suggest that the self-management program may improve self-management behaviors and CD4 levels among HIV-infected persons.
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