Effects of a Health Literacy Enhancing Program on Literacy, Self-care Behavior and Severity Level for Older People with Knee Osteoarthritis
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Abstract: This two-group quasi-experimental research with a pre and posttest aimed to study the effects of a health literacy enhancing program on knee osteoarthritis literacy, self-care behaviors and severity level of knee osteoarthritis in elderly people. The sample consisted of 68 elderly people diagnosed with osteoarthritis in a sub-district health promotion hospital. The sample was selected according to pre-specified inclusion and exclusion criteria and randomly assigned to the experimental group (to receive the program to develop health literacy along with regular nursing care) or the control group (to receive regular nursing care), 34 people per group. General information was collected, and data on knowledge about osteoarthritis, self-care behaviors of elderly people with osteoarthritis, and severity of osteoarthritis recorded on data forms that had been evaluated for validity and reliability using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient, yielding values of 0.84, 0.70, and 0.92, respectively. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, pair t-test and independent t-test. The research results revealed that after using the program, the experimental group had a mean knee osteoarthritis knowledge score and total score of self-care behaviors of elderly people with knee osteoarthritis higher than before using the program and significantly higher than the control group at the .05 level, as well as a significantly lower severity of knee osteoarthritis than the control group at the .05 level. Therefore, the health literacy development program should be applied to care for elderly people with knee osteoarthritis by integrating it with regular nursing care to increase knee osteoarthritis knowledge, self-care behaviors, and help reduce the level of severity of knee osteoarthritis.
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