Application of Orem's Theory in Nursing Care for Patients with Ischemic Stroke: A Case Study

Abstract

Abstract: Ischemic stroke is a significant health issue that impacts the quality of life of patients. Therefore, self-care and appropriate behaviors are essential to prevent complications and recurrence. The theories related to stroke care includes Orem's Self-care Nursing Theory, which encompasses three interrelated theories: the theory of Self-care, the theory of self-care deficit, and the theory of nursing systems. This case study applied the nursing systems theory, divided into three phases: 1) the total compensatory phase, 2) the partial compensatory phase, and 3) the supportive-educative nursing phase. This approach was utilized in the care of a 59-year-old male patient diagnosed with ischemic stroke who received thrombolytic therapy. The patient exhibited an imbalance between his self-care abilities and the demands placed upon him, facing challenges during the acute, post-acute, and rehabilitation phase. The nurse's role involved promoting the patient's self-care abilities through education, guidance, counseling and encouragement, while collaborating with the healthcare team for continued home care. The outcome of the nursing intervention allowed the patient to safely navigate through the crisis without complication, leading to successful rehabilitation and discharge after six days of hospitalization. In conclusion, the application of Orem's nursing theory concerning nursing systems in this case study enabled nurses to effectively assessed the patient's health status, formulated appropriate nursing diagnoses, and provided suitable nursing care leading to good outcomes for patients with ischemic stroke.