Health Literacy and Behaviors to Prevent COVID-19 Among Older Persons at Risk for Dementia in a Rural Community in Chiang Rai Province
Keywords:
Health literacy, Health behaviors prevention of COVID-19, Older persons at risk for dementiaAbstract
Thailand is experiencing a pandemic of COVID-19 which is spread via viral droplets through inhalation or direct contact. Older persons at risk for dementia may have more severe symptoms than persons of other ages when infected with COVID-19. The purpose of this descriptive correlational study was to investigate health literacy, ิbehaviors to prevent COVID-19, and the relationship between health literacy and behaviors to prevent COVID-19 among older persons at risk for dementia. The purposive sampling method was used to select 95 older persons at risk for dementia. The data collection instruments were composed of an interview form on health literacy and behaviors to prevent COVID-19, which were tested for validity and reliability. Descriptive statistics and Pearson’s product moment correlation coefficient were used for data analysis.
The results of the study revealed that:
1. Overall health literacy and that of each dimension among older persons were at a moderate level and behaviors to prevent COVID-19 were at a high level (x ̅ = 66.49, SD = 4.75)
2. Health literacy had a statistically significant positive correlation to behaviors to prevent COVID-19 at a moderate level (r = .344, p < .001).
3. There were a statistically significant positive correlation between each dimension of health literacy and behaviors to prevent COVID-19 at a moderate level, including transmission information relevant to health prevention (r= .377, p < .001), changing health behaviors (r =.343, p < .001), and accessibility of information and health services (r =.323, p < .001).
4. There was a statistically significant positive correlation between each dimension of health literacy and behaviors to prevent COVID-19 at a low level, including understanding of adequate health information and services (r = .294, p < .01), health decision-making (r = .280, p < .01), and knowledge exchange interaction (r = .202, p < .05).
The results of this study can be applied as baseline information for enhancing health personnel in planning activities to promote behaviors to prevent COVID-19 among older persons at risk for dementia.
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