Effect of a Fall Prevention Program on Fall Prevention Behaviors Among Elderly People with Osteoporosis
Keywords:
Elderly people, Fall prevention behaviors, Fall prevention program, OsteoporosisAbstract
Fall prevention behavior is important for elderly people with osteoporosis to prevent falls and various complications. This experimental research used a two-group, pre and post-test design. The objective was to compare the fall prevention behavior scores of elderly people with osteoporosis before and after participating in the program and between the program participants and a usual care group. The sample group consisted of 54 elderly people diagnosed with osteoporosis who received services at the Health Promotion Hospital, Health Center 2, Phitsanulok. Simple random sampling resulted in an experimental group (27 persons) and a control group (27 persons). Research instruments consisted of three parts, including Part 1: the screening tools, including a brain function assessment (Mini-Cog) and the Barthel ADL Index; Part 2: the data collection tools composed of a demographic data questionnaire and a measurement of fall prevention behaviors; and Part 3: the intervention tools, including a fall prevention program for elderly people with osteoporosis, developed by the researcher based on the PRECEDE-PROCEED Model concept, and a measurement tool for fall prevention behavior. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, independent t-test, and dependent t-test.
The results showed that, after the experiment, the group receiving the program had a significantly higher mean score for fall prevention behavior (M = 53.48, SD = 2.33) than before the experiment (M = 46.03, SD = 2.14) (t = -12.82, p < .001) and significantly higher than that of the control group (M = 50.96, SD = 6.05) (t = -2.02, p = .001).
Therefore, health personnel can apply the fall prevention program to promote fall prevention behavior in the elderly with osteoporosis.
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