The Effects of Exercise Program with Social Support on Balance among the Fall-Risk Elderly
Keywords:
Exercise Program, Social Support, Balance, Fall-Risk ElderlyAbstract
This quasi-experimental research examines the effects of an exercise program applied with social support on the balance ability of the fall-risk elderly. The sample consisted of the fall-risk elderly living in the area of responsibility of Long Hospital in 2022. The sample size was determined using the G*Power 3.1.9.4 program, with 26 participants selected by purposive sampling. The research tools were an exercise program designed to improve balance in older adults at risk for falls, based on a literature review and application of social support theory. Data collection tools included the Thai-FRAT, the Timed Up & Go test, the Barthel ADL index, a personal information interview form, elderly fall record form, a home visit record form, a physical exercise tracking record form by volunteer caregivers, telephone follow-up record form, and an exercise booklet. The reliability of these tools ranged from 0.67 to 1.00. Data were analyzed using percentage, mean, standard deviation, and Wilcoxon signed-rank Test.
The results revealed that after participating in the program, the sample's ability to maintain balance was significantly better than before participating in the program (p<.05). And there were significantly fewer falls after participating in the program (p<.05). In addition, no falls or hip fractures occurred in the sample between 6 and 12 months after participation in the program. This suggests that the exercise program developed, in conjunction with social support, encourages older people at risk of falls to exercise appropriately and regularly. Improves balance skills and reduces falls. Physical Therapists or other Health Care Professionals play an important role in encouraging, supporting, and reinforcing continuous exercise.
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