Nursing Care for Patients with Lung Cancer Undergoing Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery

Abstract

Lung cancer is the most common cancer globally and ranks as the second most prevalent cancer in Thailand, following liver cancer. The incidence of lung cancer continues to rise, primarily due to cigarette smoking, which remains the leading risk factor. Other contributing factors include environmental pollution, occupational toxicant exposure, and genetic predisposition. Despite the increasing incidence, recent advancements in medical technology, early detection through screening programs, and improved access to multidisciplinary treatment have led to a significant decline in mortality rates and improved survival outcomes. Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) has emerged as an effective, minimally invasive surgical approach for treating early-stage lung cancer. VATS offers numerous advantages, such as reduced postoperative pain, lower complication rates, shorter hospital stays, and faster physical recovery. However, patients may experience significant physical discomfort and psychological stress. Nurses play a pivotal role in delivering comprehensive, patient-centered care throughout the surgical continuum. Their responsibilities span the preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative phases, including patient education, emotional support, physiological assessment, pain management, and promotion of early mobilization and respiratory rehabilitation. Holistic and evidence-based nursing interventions are essential to enhance patient safety, promote effective recovery, and improve the overall surgical experience. As such, nurses significantly contribute to the success of VATS and enhance the quality of life of patients undergoing lung cancer surgery.