Nursing Care for Patients NMDA Receptor-Associated Encephalitis

Abstract

Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor encephalitis is caused by an immune system abnormality that produces specific antibodies against NMDA receptors in the brain, resulting in neurological and psychiatric symptoms. The symptoms of the disease are complicated. If the diagnosis and treatment are delayed, it can result in long-term abnormalities or even death. Treatment includes both acute phase to reduce symptoms or the inflammatory process of the disease. It is a combination of methylprednisolone, immunoglobulin and plasma exchange. If there is no improvement, immunosuppressive therapy is required as a long-term treatment to manage symptoms and address any remaining abnormalities. In cases where the patient is in severe or critical condition, they should be treated in an intensive care unit, continuous monitoring of vital sign and close observe. When the patient improves, they need to receive continuous multidisciplinary care to prevent recurrence of the disease, rehabilitate physical and mental development. Therefore, nurses know of the causes, symptoms and treatment methods so that they are prepared to care for patients being admitted to the hospital, assess symptoms, nursing care using the nursing process, continuous care, record nursing and solve patients' health problems more comprehensively and effectively. This results in patient safety and reduces complications that may arise from treatment, including psychosocial care of caregivers and families so that patients and families live a quality life and live happily in society.