Effects of hip extensor and abductor with knee extensor exercise on functional performance in participants with anterior knee pain
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Abstract
Introduction Hip exercise and knee exercise are two main therapeutic exercises to reduce pain and improve function for anterior knee pain (AKP). However, studies about the effects of hip combined with knee exercise compared to knee exercise alone were inconclusive.
Objectives The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of the combination of hip extensor, hip abductor and knee extensor exercise (HKE) to knee extensor exercise alone (KE) on pain and functional performance in participants with anterior knee pain (AKP).
Methods Participants had at least 4 weeks AKP. Baseline evaluations were Kujala's Anterior Knee Pain Score (KAKPS), number of repetition in step down test (SDT), single leg squat test (SLS), and visual analog pain scale (VAS) during SDT and SLS. They were randomly assigned to 3 groups; HKE, KE, and control. Participants in HKE and KE groups performed exercise 10 repetitions/set, 3 sets/day, 5
days/week, for 4 weeks. KAKPS, SDT, SLS and VAS were re-evaluated in all participants every week. One-way ANOVA was used for statistical analysis comparing outcomes at p<.05.
Results 22 participants were included in this study (18 females, 4 males, age 19-22 years, BMI 20.9+4.8 Kg/m2). There was no difference of demographic data and variables measured between the groups at baseline. After 4 weeks, compared to baseline, greater increases in KAKPS were found in the HKE and KE groups (HKE =16.9+5.6, KE=13.5+ 8.7) than the control group (4.6+5.5, p<.05), but there was no difference between HKE and KE groups. Pain during SDT in HKE group was lower (2.8+1.6) than KE (1.2+1.4) and control (1.3+1.4). There was no difference in number of repetitions in SDT and SLS and also no difference in pain during SLS.
Conclusion Hip extensor and abductor with knee extensor exercise improved pain and functional performance in participants with anterior knee pain more than knee exercise alone when measured by KAKPS but no difference was found in SDT and SLS performances.
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References
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