The Effects of Music on Pain of Patients Receiving Colonoscopy without Sedation

Abstract

             The quasi-experimental research aimed to compare two groups to study the effect of music on the pain of patients receiving a colonoscopy without sedation or anesthesia. Forty patients were divided into 2 even groups; those were the instrumental music listening (experimental group) and the routine nursing care groups (control group). They were chosen via purposive sampling. The instruments included instrumental music and a numeric pain rating scale.  Relaxing piano music with 60 beats per minute was played for 30 minutes before and during colonoscopy in the experimental group. Five experts evaluated the validity of using music to relieve pain during endoscopy. The numeric rating scale was a self-report pain by the samples with 0-10. Ten patients with gastroscopy underwent test-retest reliability at the 1^st and 5^th minutes after the procedure. The intraclass correlation coefficient of the numeric rating scale was 0.93 (95% confidence interval = 0.70-0.98). The pain was assessed during and after the patients’ received colonoscopy. The Mann-Whitney U test were used to compare the median and interquartile range (IQR) of pain scores between the two groups.

               The results found that during the colonoscopy without sedation, the experimental group had significantly lower pain than that of the control group (median (IQR) = 4(1) vs. 6(2) score, p < .001). However, after the colonoscopy without sedation, the pain levels between the control and experimental groups did not appear different.