Effects of the COVID-19 vaccine based on the type of vaccine and vaccination formula to prevent the infection of people, Phrom Khiri District, Nakhon Si Thammarat Province
Keywords:
The Effects of COVID-19 Vaccines, Types and Vaccination Formulas for COVID-19, Infection PreventionAbstract
The objectives of this retrospective study were to examine 1) the effectiveness of the COVID-19 vaccine in preventing infections based on the number of doses, vaccine types, and formulations received, and 2) the risk of infection and the free period of the COVID-19 infection according to the type and vaccine formula in Phrom Khiri District, Nakhon Si Thammarat Province. Using a sample of 4,428 people aged 12 and over who received COVID-19 diagnostic services between January 1 and September 30, 2022, and lived in the study area for at least 14 days depending on the inspection date, The researchers linked vaccination information to the vaccination database of the Ministry of Public Health. Proportion values were analyzed using multiple logistic regression. The hazard function and survival function were analyzed by Cox regression analysis, controlling for the variables including gender, age, and the presence of comorbidities.
The results showed that receiving three vaccination doses had a likelihood of reducing infection by 91 %, while receiving two vaccination doses had a likelihood of reducing infection by 48 to 57%. The SV, AZ, and PZ vaccines were no different in protecting against infection. As for the 2-dose vaccine, the SV-AZ formula had a likelihood of reducing infection by 39.9% compared to receiving the SPh-SPh vaccine formula. The 3-dose SV-AZ-PZ vaccine had a 50.3% likelihood of reducing infection compared to the SV-AZ-AZ vaccine. It was found that the AZ vaccine had a 2.452 times higher risk of infection compared to SV. The SV-AZ vaccine formula had the lowest proportional risk of infection. The vaccine formulas with the highest risk ratio values were AZ-PZ, AZ-AZ, and SPh-SPh, with 3.846, 3.160, and 1.405, respectively, greater than the SV-AZ formula. The SV-AZ-PZ 3-dose vaccine regimen had the lowest proportional risk of infection, which was 48.7% less than the SV-AZ-AZ formula.
Therefore, it is recommended that people receive at least three doses of vaccine, considering the use of the SV-AZ-PZ vaccine formula (inactivated-viral vector-mRNA vaccine) or the SPh-SPh-PZ vaccine regimen (inactivated-mRNA vaccine).
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