Factors Predicting Health Behaviors among Older Persons with Uncontrolled Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Nongwang Namsom Udonthani
Keywords:
Health Behaviors, Uncontrolled Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Perceived self efficacy, Older PersonsAbstract
The purpose of this predictive research was to explore health behaviors and predictive factors health behaviors among older persons with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes mellitus. Pender’s Health Promotion model was used as the theoretical framework. One hundred six older persons with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes mellitus attending the diabetic clinic of the Health Promoting Hospital were recruited by purposive sampling between February to April 2022. Research instruments consisted of 1) Demographic Questionnaire, 2) Health Behaviors Questionnaire, 3) Perceived benefits of action Questionnaire, 4) Perceived self efficacy Questionnaire, 5) Situational influences Questionnaire, and 6) Interpersonal influences Questionnaire. Descriptive statistics and multiple regression analysis were used to analyzed the data.
The findings indicate that the overall health behavior of older persons with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes mellitus were a moderate level. When examining health behavior across domains, it was showed that health behavior about food consumption, exercising, drug use, and stress management were also modest level. Perceived self-efficacy, perceived benefits of action, and interpersonal influences were significant predictors and could 68.2% of health behaviors among older persons with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes mellitus (R2 = .682, F = 18.923, p < .001). Perceived self-efficacy was the most predictor of health behaviors in older persons with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes mellitus (β = .976, p < .001), followed by the benefits of action in health behaviors (β = .532, p < .001) and interpersonal influences (β = .309, p < .001).
Gerontological nurse practitioners and other healthcare personnel should assess the perception for older persons with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes mellitus, including perceived self-efficacy, benefits of action in health behaviors and interpersonal influences and those to enhance adherence to health behaviors. The aim is to regulate blood glucose levels among older persons with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes mellitus.
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