The Relationship Between Health Literacy and Health Promotion Behaviors Among Patients with Uncontrolled Blood Pressure in Chang Klang District, Nakhon Si Thammarat Province
Keywords:
Health Literacy , Health-Promoting Behaviors, Uncontrolled Blood Pressure, HypertensionAbstract
This cross-sectional survey research aimed to examine: 1) health literacy related to hypertension; 2) health-promoting behaviors of patients with hypertension; and 3) the relationship between health literacy and health-promoting behaviors among patients with uncontrolled hypertension. The study population consisted of patients with uncontrolled hypertension in Chang Klang District, Nakhon Si Thammarat Province. A sample size of 166 participants was calculated, and 160 completed questionnaires were returned using systematic sampling. Data were collected between July 1 and August 31, 2024. The research instrument was a questionnaire with a Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of 0.81, and data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and the Spearman Rank Correlation Coefficient.
The results showed that overall health literacy was at a high level (M = 3.79, SD = 0.46). Specifically, the domains of access to health information and services, comprehension, communication skills, decision-making skills, and self-management skills were all at a high level (M = 3.78, SD = 0.65; 3.84, SD = 0.68; 3.92, SD = 0.48; 3.78, SD = 0.62; 3.83, SD = 0.60, respectively). However, media literacy was at a moderate level (M = 3.56, SD = 0.64). Overall, health-promoting behaviors were also at a moderate level (M = 3.55, SD = 0.31). The correlation analysis revealed a statistically significant positive relationship between all aspects of health literacy and health-promoting behaviors at the 0.01 level. Among these, self-management skills had the strongest correlation at a moderate level (rs = 0.523), while other domains showed low correlations in the following order: communication skills (rs = 0.388), media literacy (rs = 0.387), decision-making skills (rs = 0.380), access to health information and services (rs = 0.368), and comprehension (rs = 0.338).
Therefore, healthcare providers should promote self-management and accurate self-assessment among patients with uncontrolled hypertension to encourage appropriate self-care behaviors.
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