Development and Feasibility of a LINE-Based Self-Efficacy Program for Diabetic Foot Ulcer Prevention in Patients with Uncontrolled Diabetes Mellitus
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Keywords:
Patients with Uncontrolled Diabetes Mellitus, Diabetic Foot Ulcer Prevention Behaviors, Self-Efficacy, LINE Application, Development and Feasibility StudyAbstract
This research and development study aimed to examine the feasibility of use and user acceptability of a self-efficacy enhancement program delivered through the LINE application, “Bao Tao.” It also aimed to evaluate participants’ understanding, perceptions, and barriers to applying the content in diabetic foot ulcer prevention behaviors among patients with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes mellitus. The study was conducted in two phases: 1) the development of the LINE application and 2) the pilot testing phase prior to implementation in a full-scale study. This study presents the findings from the development phase of a self-efficacy program delivered through the LINE application and the phase of evaluating feasibility and user acceptability. The participants consisted of 10 individuals with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes mellitus, selected using purposive sampling based on predefined inclusion criteria. All participants used the application for a period of two weeks. The application content was validated by experts, yielding a content validity index of 1.00. Data was collected through post-intervention interviews. Demographic data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, while qualitative data were analyzed using content analysis. The study findings present the results of the development phase of a self-efficacy program delivered through the LINE application, as well as the evaluation of feasibility and user acceptability. The key issues can be categorized into four main themes: 1) system usability and technical aspects, 2) content usefulness and appropriateness, 3) user experience and suggestions for improvement, and 4) overall satisfaction and perceived benefits. In conclusion, the “Bao Tao” LINE application demonstrated good feasibility and user acceptability and and can be utilized as a tool for subsequent trial phases However, increasing the sample size and extending the study duration are recommended to evaluate the effectiveness of the program in future main research.
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