การพัฒนารูปแบบการจัดส่งยาถึงบ้านสำหรับผู้ป่วยโรคเรื้อรังในเขตชุมชนชนบท อำเภอบ้านหมอ จังหวัดสระบุรี

Abstract

This research and development aimed to develop and evaluate an integrated home drug delivery model for chronic disease patients in rural communities, Ban Mo District, Saraburi Province. A mixed-methods research design was employed across three phases from July 2024 to May 2025. The sample consisted of 214 chronic disease patients selected through purposive and systematic random sampling, and 45 key informants. Research instruments included the Health Rider system developed as an intelligent drug delivery management platform, real-time telepharmacy services, satisfaction surveys, and in-depth interview guides. Content validity index was 0.89 and reliability coefficient was 0.92. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, McNemar's test, and Binary Logistic Regression. Qualitative data were analyzed using content analysis.

The developed model comprised three main components: the Health Rider system for intelligent route planning and real-time tracking, real-time telepharmacy services, and community participation mechanisms. Implementation results showed 100 percent delivery success rate with an average time of 15-20 minutes per patient. Overall patient satisfaction was at the highest level (M=4.98, SD=0.08). Medication error incidence significantly decreased from 12.3 percent to 2.5 percent (McNemar's test, χ²=18.05, p<0.001). Receiving telepharmacy services significantly reduced the risk of medication errors (OR=0.18; 95% CI: 0.06, 0.51; p=0.001).

The developed integrated drug delivery model demonstrated high efficiency and effectiveness, significantly reducing patients' time and expenses while enhancing medication safety. The model should be expanded to other areas with similar contexts.

Keywords: Home drug delivery, Chronic disease, Telepharmacy, Rural community, Health Rider