Pain Management for Advanced Stage of Cancer Patients: A Qualitative Study

Abstract

Pain is a common symptom of advanced stage in cancer patients that causes suffering. This qualitative research aimed to study pain management in end stage of cancer. The data collection was administered through observations and in-dept interviews. Triangulations of the data were conducted to verify the reliability of the data. The data were analyzed using content analyses. The results showed that among 12 advanced cancer patients, their ages were between 54 and 78 years old. The informants reveal 4 methods of pain management: medications (including liquid morphine and morphine tablets), soothing massages, cannabis oil, and just being still, doing nothing to avoid pain. The informant found 3 problems: 1) physical issues including pain, fatigue, loss of appetite, insomnia, and difficulties in defecating; 2) psychological issues including depression, fear of death, irritable mood, and feeling helpless; and 3) economic issues. The informants revealed 2 needs: equipment such as diapers, bedside potties, adjustable patient beds and shuttle cars to the hospitals. Supporting factors in pain management included medications, home cares, and family involvements in palliative care. It is suggested that public health sectors should promote collaborations with family caregivers, promote access to pain-relief products, provide guideline in pain management for the families, and provide equipment such as diapers, bedside potties, and adjustable patient beds.